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The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
the US State Department,  2023-3-20

 

China criticized the US  中批美

"The Report on Human Rights Violations in the United States in 2022"
《2021年美國侵犯人權報告》2023-3-28

 

state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/china/

 

台灣聯合報系之美國最大中文報WorldJournal (2023-3-20, worldjournal.com/wj/story/121468/7044982?from=wj_referralnews ):

布林肯(Antony Blinken)20日發表2022年國際人權報告,臚列北京的人權問題,包含對維吾爾族犯下種族滅絕與反人類罪、鎮壓藏人、壓迫香港的基本權利,以及在中國行使基本權利的民眾。
 

自2017年起,超過百萬名維吾爾族人被關押在法外拘留營、監獄,更多人需接受所謂的「再教育」;共產黨司法與法律制度不透明,任意拘留和虐囚時有所聞,獨立記者張展和台灣民主運動人士李明哲在獄中分別面臨強行灌食、強迫勞動和身心理凌虐等待遇

北京對互聯網的嚴格控制和干涉,在20大期間限制網路發文和個人微信對話;香港民主運動、台灣、西藏、天安門事件、新冠清零政策和外交優先政策被列為網路上禁止討論的敏感話題;學者發文支持烏克蘭被要求修正言論,與中國政府立場「保持一致」。

 

2022年年是美國人權狀況標誌性倒退的一年。自詡“人權衛士”的美國,金錢政治、種族歧視、槍支氾濫、警察暴力、貧富分化等痼疾難除,人權立法司法大開歷史倒車,美國人民的基本權利和自由被進一步架空

恣意侵犯他國人權踐踏正義  /  
(1) 美國學者John Mearsheimer指出,在“自由主義霸權”政策主導下,傾向於不斷發動戰爭的美國增加了國際體系中的衝突。美國在國際社會奉行強權政治,動輒使用武力,發動“代理人戰爭”,濫施單邊制裁,為全球和平發展的破壞者自2001年以來,僅在阿富汗、伊拉克、利比亞、巴基斯坦、索馬里、敘利亞和也門等地,美國軍隊就實施了近10萬次轟炸,造成多達4.8萬名平民死亡。
(2) Brown大學“研究指出,21世紀以來,美國以“反恐”為名在85個國家開展軍事行動,直接導致至少92.9萬平民死亡,3800萬人流離失所。美國實施的單邊制裁總數為世界之最,目前仍在對20多個國家實施制裁,包括1962年以來對古巴的裁、1979年以來對伊朗的裁、2011年以來對敘利亞的裁,以及近年來對阿富汗的裁,導致被制裁國家無法向其人民提供基本的食物和藥品

(3) Washington Post: 近一半的阿富汗人沒有足夠的食物,兒童營養不良呈上升趨勢。聯合國專家共同聲明指出,美國政府對伊朗的製裁加劇了伊朗的環境危害,使所有在伊朗的民眾無法充分享受健康權和生命權
(4) 美國嚴重侵犯移民權利,拒不關閉2002年設立的關塔那摩監獄,其中大多數人未經審判便遭拘留,受到了殘忍的、不人道的待遇,是美國“肆意侵犯人權的一個醜陋篇章”、人權進步的絆腳石  多名獨立專家共同聲明指出,臭名昭著的關塔那摩監獄是美國在人權保護上的污點,要求美國政府關閉關塔那摩監獄,對遭受酷刑、任意拘留的公民進行賠償,並根據國際法追究授權和實施酷刑的人員的責任
 

公民权利保护制度严重失能 / 美国是一个由极端暴力定义的国家,民众遭受暴力犯罪和暴力执法的双重威胁,公民人身安全得不到保障。

美式民主日益空心化 美式民主正在失去民意基础。美国前总统卡特曾指出:“金钱政治对美国政治体系构成不可逆转的损害,这不是民主政治而是属于少数人的寡头政治。

种族歧视与不平等愈演愈烈过去十年间,美国大规模杀戮事件激增。...针对亚裔的仇恨犯罪尤为猖獗。LA Times: 2021年全国每6个亚裔美国人中就有1人经历过基于种族的暴力。

底層民眾基本生存危機加重 美国社会贫富差距继续拉大,低收入群体生活条件急剧恶化

婦女兒童權利歷史性倒退  /  2022年,美国妇女儿童权利保障出现重大倒退。

全文: https://news.cn/world/2023-03/28/c_1129470457.htm

 

US Hegemony and Its Perils (2023-2-20, fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjbxw/202302/t20230220_11027664.html ) brief :

 

中国  評  美國霸權

美國前總統卡特(J. Carter),美國無疑是世界上最好戰的國家。 《美國Tufts University report, "Introducing the Military Intervention Project: A new Dataset on U.S. Military Interventions, 1776-2019" 》研究報告顯示,至2019年,美國在全球進行了近400次軍事干預
《America Invades: How We've Invaded or been Militarily Involved with almost Every Country on Earth》一書指出,在聯合國承認的190多個國家中,只有3個國家沒與美國打過仗或受其軍事干預。這3個國家能夠「倖免於難」,是因為美國沒有在地圖上發現它們。
美國的歷史,充斥著暴力和擴張: 屠殺印第安人入侵加拿大發動美墨戰爭策動美西戰爭吞併夏威夷、參與二次世界大戰發動韓戰、越南戰爭、海灣戰爭、科索沃戰爭、阿富汗戰爭、伊拉克戰爭、利比亞戰爭、敘利亞戰爭。近年年均軍事預算佔世界軍費總支出40%,超過第2名至第16名國家的總和。
阿富汗戰爭讓1000多萬人流離失所、讓阿富汗人民一貧如洗。2021年「大潰敗」後,美國宣佈凍結阿富汗央行約95億美元資產,被認為是「赤裸裸的掠奪」。
80年代,美國逼迫日本簽訂《美日半導體協定》,導致日本半導體企業全球市場份額由50%跌至10%。同時美國半導體企業趁機搶占市場。
美國為世界上唯一擁有化學武器庫存的國家,但多次推遲化學武器銷毀,成為「無化武世界」的最大障礙。
美軍採用駭人聽聞手段,在朝鮮戰爭、越南戰爭、波灣戰爭、科索沃戰爭、阿富汗戰爭、伊拉克戰爭中,大量使用生化武器和集束炸彈、油氣炸彈、石墨炸彈、貧鈾炸彈,造成大量民用設施損毀、無數無辜平民傷亡、持久生態環境污染。

美國在全球製造了3700萬難民。2012年以來,僅敘利亞難民數量就增加10倍。2016年至2019年,敘利亞有記載死於戰亂的平民達33584人,其中美國領導的聯軍轟炸致死3833人,半數是婦女和兒童。美國公共電視網2018年11月9日報導,僅美軍對拉卡市發動的空襲就導致1600名平民死亡。

2022年9月,土耳其內政部長索伊盧在出席集會時表示,美在敘利亞開展代理人戰爭,把阿富汗變成鴉片種植田和海洛因加工廠,讓巴基斯坦陷入動蕩、利比亞內亂不斷。無論哪個國家有地下資源,美國都會竭盡所能去掠奪和奴役那裡的人們。
美國監視監聽 包括盟友德國前總理梅克爾、法國多任總統...。「稜鏡門」、「髒盒」、「怒角計劃」、「電幕行動」等美國網路監控和攻擊早已引起國際社會公憤。

美國擅用經濟脅迫手段打壓對手。20世紀80年代,美國為消除日本經濟威脅,控制並利用日本為美國對抗蘇聯和稱霸世界戰略目標服務,再次施展霸權主義金融外交,與日本簽訂「廣場協議」,逼迫日元升值,開放金融市場,改革金融體制。「廣場協議」沈重打擊了日本經濟的元氣,日本此後進入「失落的三十年」。

 

n   全文詳  https://news.cctv.com/2023/02/20/ARTIUIg2ILFdm0nouADQ6Gf1230220.shtml
 

 

一反近年來美國發布人權報告次日中国才公布的慣例, 2021, 2022年中国率先公佈

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
the US State Department,  2022-4-12

 

China criticized the US  中批美

"The Report on Human Rights Violations in the United States in 2021"
《2021年美國侵犯人權報告》2022-2-28

 

https://state.gov/reports/2021-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/china/ 

 

 

報告以長達90頁篇幅探討中國的人權情況,指北京方面以被消失、任意拘禁、關押政治犯、嚴重限制言論、新聞、網路、集會、宗教與行動自由等打壓人權。華府同時關注新疆的情況,北京過去一年損害香港自治、公民自由與民主機制,與港府不斷威脅或逮捕泛民相關團體或人士。(摘自  香港01)


摘要: https://udn.com/news/story/7331/6129853?from=udn-ch1_breaknews-1-0-news

全文:  https://politics.people.com.cn/n1/2022/0228/c1001-32361539.html

 

1) 操弄疫情防控付出慘痛代價
2)
固守暴力思維威脅生命安全
3)
玩弄虛假民主踐踏政治權利: 美式民主沦为利益输送游戏。美国金钱政治愈演愈烈,政客日益罔顾民众利益诉求民主只是形式上的民主,而不是实质民主。
4)
放縱種族歧視加劇社會不公
5)
背離人道主義製造移民危機: 移民群体遭受超期羁押、酷刑和强迫劳动等不人道待遇。
6)
濫用武力制裁侵犯他國人權 : 眾多國家在聯合國人權理事會第四十八屆會議(2021年9月13日至10月8日 ohchr.org/ch/HRBodies/HRC/Pages/Home.aspx   )上譴責美國是世界人權事業最大的破壞者
 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
the US State Department,  3-30-202
1

China criticized the US  中批美

"The Report on Human Rights Violations in the United States in 2020"
《2020年美國侵犯人權報告》3-24-2021


英文版全文:
  preview.state.gov/reports/2020-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/china/

香港雅虎  摘要報導  hk.news.yahoo.com/美國人權報告指中俄打壓人權-布林肯承認美國亦有不足-015750504.html

除了過百萬維吾爾人及其他穆斯林少數民族,被關押在法外拘留營之外,亦有近200萬人在日間接受再教育培訓。


台灣聯合報系 摘要報導  worldjournal.com/wj/story/121469/5355665

新冠肺炎爆發初期,武漢有4名報導疫情的記者「被失蹤」;

其中一名記者張展因此被判刑,她也是首位報導疫情獲罪者。


美國VOA
摘要   voacantonese.com/a/us-state-department-human-rights-report-china-genocide-20210330-ry/5834361.html

偏離官方疫情敘事的中國學者遭到了騷擾和言論審查,在某些情況下受到校方和警方的干預。

  中文版全文:  www.xinhuanet.com/2021-03/24/c_1127250234.htm
  英文版全文:  www.globaltimes.cn/page/202103/1219304.shtml  www.xinhuanet.com/english/northamerica/2021-03/24/c_139832301.htm
       
        ——政府應對疫情任性妄為導致失控,超過50萬美國民眾失去生命。
  ——民主制度失序金錢政治扭曲壓制民意,人們對美國民主制度的信心下降至20年來最低點。
        ——少數族裔遭受系統性種族歧視,四分之一亞裔年輕人成為種族欺凌的目標。
  ——人們對社會秩序失去信心。
        ——非裔弗洛伊德被跪壓致死,政府武力鎮壓示威民眾,1萬多人被逮捕,大批新聞記者頻遭無端攻擊和拘捕
  ——貧富差距加速擴大,底層民眾生活苦不堪言。
       
——践踏國際规则造成人道災難 聯合國發表聲明美國總統赦免屠殺他國平民的戰爭罪犯美國政府對國際刑事法院的工作人員及其家屬實施經濟制裁和入境限制,只因他們堅持調查美國軍隊和情報官員在阿富汗和其他地方可能犯下的戰爭罪;     美國政府不僅缺乏應有的反思,還對世界上其他國家的人權狀況說三道四,充分暴露了其在人權問題上的雙重標準及虛偽性。

ps: globaltimes.cn/page/202103/1219784.shtml  報告公佈的影響; PS2: 中國辯護新疆營 China defend Xinjiang camps : irishtimes.com/news/world/asia-pacific/china-defends-xinjiang-camps-as-details-of-programme-emerge-1.4358594

 

The US criticized Russia

politico.com/news/2021/06/16/biden-derides-putins-ridiculous-whataboutism-494885

Independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/biden-putin-geneva-summit-b1867301.html

 

Russia criticized the US

politico.com/news/2021/06/16/biden-derides-putins-ridiculous-whataboutism-494885

Independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/biden-putin-geneva-summit-b1867301.html

 

respond to Putin’s assertions, Biden said they were not remotely comparable. 拜登表示,這兩者根本沒有可比性。

 

Biden challenges Putin on human rights, democracy and cyber hacking at Geneva summit拘留阿列克謝·納瓦爾尼,以及俄羅斯演員犯下的網絡犯罪

 

President Joe Biden  challenged Russia’s president Vladimir Putin on human rights including the detention of Alexei Navalny, as well as cyber crime committed by Russian-based actors.俄羅斯監禁和無情對待政治異議人士的問題

 

election interference damaged Russia’s image around the world

 

about the possible death of Alexei Navalny, a Russian opposition figure who has remained in prison for months after surviving an assassination attempt俄羅斯反對派人物Alexei Navalny可能死亡的可能

 

ongoing operation of the Guantanamo Bay prison as well as its military engagements in Iraq and Afghanistan 美國的槍支暴力、關塔那摩灣監獄的持續運作以及在伊拉克和阿富汗的軍事行動問題

 

George Floyd’s murder at the hands of a Minneapolis police officer.  George Floyd被警察殺害後幾個月的動亂

 

“What we saw was disorder, destruction [and] violations of the law,”  “We feel sympathy for the United States of America, but we don’t want that to happen on our territory. We’re doing our utmost in order to not allow it to happen.”“我們看到的是混亂、破壞 [和] 違法行為,”普京說。 “我們對美利堅合眾國表示同情,但我們不希望這種情況發生在我們的領土上。我們正在盡最大努力不讓它發生。”

 

 equated Russia’s detention of opposition leader Alexi Navalny to those arrested in the wake of the Jan. 6 riot at the U.S. Capitol whom he said also had “political demands.”普京還將俄羅斯對反對派領導人Alexi Navalny的拘留等同於在 1 月 6 日美國國會大廈騷亂後被捕的人,他說這些人也有“政治要求”

 

 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
the US State Department, 3-11-2020

 

 

China criticized the US  中批美

"The Record of Human Rights Violations in the United States in 2019"
「2019年美國侵犯人權報告」3-13-2020

 

https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/china/


在有關中國的部分,報告提到中國存在的任意或非法殺害、強迫失踪、酷刑、任意拘留,對記者、律師、博客作家、持不同政見者、上訪者及其家人的人身攻擊和刑事起訴,言論審查和強制性生育限制政策等。
 

中國當局)將信教的少數群體囚禁在集中營裡,這是其歷史上一貫對信教者反感的一部分。

中共在新疆的劣跡是個世紀污點(statin of the century)。”
 

中國共產黨官員加強了對新疆維吾爾自治區(新疆)穆斯林少數民族成員的大規模拘留運動。

報告說,中國政府官員打著打擊恐怖主義、分裂主義和極端主義的幌子,為這些集中營辯護。報告以國際媒體、人權組織和前被拘留者的說法稱,集中營內的安全官員虐待、折磨或殺害被拘留者。

此外,國際媒體披露的中國政府文件證實了這場所謂的“再教育運動”的強制性及其對新疆和國外穆斯林少數民族成員的影響。
 

 
報告還提到了中國當局對宗教自由的打壓,稱對宗教信仰的打壓不僅發生在新疆和西藏等少數民族聚居區,而是遍及全國。
 
中國政府對公民的大規模監控行為。

“在中國,中國共產黨使用高科技監控系統來監控潛在的持不同政見者。”

當局越來越依賴攝像機和其他形式的監控來監控和恐嚇持不同政見者、宗教領袖和追隨者、藏族人和維吾爾族人。

其中包括面部識別和“步態識別”視頻監控,使警方不僅可以監控情況,還可以快速識別人群中的個人。

 

http://m.news.cctv.com/2020/03/13/ARTIbgbzJ7mMzqiz2UfPxJe9200313.shtml

美國是世界上槍支暴力最嚴重的國家。選舉淪為富人的金錢遊戲。
美國在西方國家中貧富分化最為嚴重  最富有的10%家庭佔有美國全部家庭淨資產的近75%。
美國是目前唯一有數百萬人處於飢餓狀態的發達國家。美國有3970萬貧困人口。每晚至少有50萬美國人無家可歸。有6500萬人因醫療費用過高而放棄治療。
美國種族仇恨犯罪震驚世界美國一直處在白人至上恐怖主義的危機之中”。警察槍殺和殘暴虐待非洲裔案件頻發。非洲裔成年人被監禁的概率是白人成年人的5.9倍。
就業和財富的種族差距驚人 白人家庭的平均財富幾乎是非洲裔家庭的10倍。  宗教不寬容持續惡化
美國是高收入國家中女性處境最危險的國度  多達70%的美國女性曾遭受來自親密伴侶的身體或性暴力。

兒童貧困問題觸目驚心。美國仍有1280萬名兒童生活在貧困之中  超過五分之一的兒童每天都不得不面對無比殘酷的現實——下頓吃什麼,今晚睡哪裡?”老年人貧困問題越來越嚴重。約40%的美國中產階級到65歲時將接近或陷入貧困。

美國政府對待移民日趨嚴苛和非人道。美國堪稱“世界歷史上最好戰的國家”。2001年以來,美國不斷對外發動戰爭,花費的財政開支超過6.4萬億美元,造成的死亡人數超過80萬

一、公民權利和政治權利有名無實每15分鐘就有一人被槍殺。2019年美國共有39052人死於與槍支有關的暴力事件。
謀殺案為16214起,強奸案為139380起,搶劫案為282061起,重傷案為807410起;
公民人格尊嚴和隱私權遭受系統性侵犯。《達拉斯晨報》網站2019年12月6日報導,美國聯邦、州和地方執法部門僅在得克薩斯州就設有8個秘密監視中心,共享情報監控社交媒體和其他在線論壇。。《華盛頓郵報》網站2019年4月18日報導美國在年度新聞自由指數中的排名連續三年下降。“

二、經濟和社會權利缺乏基本保障

貧富差距創50年來新高
三、少數族裔飽受欺凌排斥膚色在決定美國人的命運方面具有舉足輕重的作用。
17%的印第安人、25%的亞裔、31%的拉美裔、45%的非洲裔在租房或買房時受到歧視。

四、婦女面臨嚴重歧視與暴力多達70%美國女性曾遭受來自親密伴侶的身體或性暴力。美國全國反家庭暴力聯盟稱,三分之一的女性遭受過親密伴侶的暴力。在被謀殺的女性中,三分之一是被親密伴侶殺害的。

近四分之一的美國女大學生表示曾遭到過性侵或性騷擾

超過330萬18歲至44歲的美國女性在第一次發生性行為時遭到強姦

五、弱勢群體處境艱難  美國16%的老年人是某種虐待的受害者,

六、移民遭受非人道對待

七、肆意踐踏他國人權 霸凌行徑威脅國際機構。拒絕承擔國際義務。近年來,美國出於一己之私,相繼退出了聯合國人權理事會、聯合國教科文組織、全球移民協議等多邊機制

 

 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
the US State Department, 3-13-2019.

 

 China criticized the US  中批美

"Human Rights Record of the United States in 2018",  3-14-2019

 

https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper

 

關注了過去一年新疆大規模關押維族人等踐踏人權的惡行,文章也多次提及中共對法輪功修煉者的迫害。美國國務卿蓬佩奧在發布會上抨擊中共在侵害人權方面「無人可比」/ 「自成一格」(a league of its own)。

消除宗教和少數民族認同的再教育營中,80萬到200萬維吾爾人、哈薩克斯坦人和其他的穆斯林被任意關押。政府官員宣稱,這些再教育營是用於打擊恐怖主義,分離主義和極端主義。但國際媒體、人權組織和曾經被關押的人稱,再教育營的安全官員虐待、毒打和殺死一些被關押的人。其中一些死亡事件發生在2018年之前,有關死亡事件是在被關押的人員逃到其他國家後才被披露的。

報告中提到,少數民族維吾爾族成員報告說,在刑罰制度和拘留營內工作的執法人員和官員實施了有系統的酷刑和其他有辱人格的待遇。有倖存者指控,中共對被拘留者進行觸電、水刑、毆打、壓迫、注射不明物質和冷藏細胞


人權報告還涉及了中國人權的其他突出的問題,包括:政府強制拘捕、失蹤、酷刑,甚至非法殺害,對記者、律師、作家、網民、異議人士、訪民及其家人進行暴力攻擊和刑事指控,網絡審查和封鎖,干預和平集會的權利和結社自由,包括過於嚴格的限制國內外非政府組織,嚴厲限制公民的旅行自由,嚴重限制宗教自由,強行遣返朝鮮難民,官方在西藏打壓言論、宗教、遷徙、結社和集會,以及繼續拒絕流亡居住證國外的持不同政見者、法輪功活動家或「麻煩製造者」的眾多公民重新入境中國等等。


報告指出,在中國,任意逮捕和拘押仍然是個嚴重問題。中國的法律賦予公安人員廣泛的行政拘留權,對個人無需正式逮捕或刑事指控就能長期關押的權力。


過去一年,中共還肆意利用行政拘留來恐嚇政治和宗教支持者,並防止公眾示威。不少律師、人權活動人士、記者、宗教領袖和信徒、前政治犯和他們的家屬也持續受到任意拘押或逮捕。而行政拘留形式包括強制戒毒治療(針對吸毒者),「監護和培訓」(針對輕微的刑事犯罪者),以及政治活動家和宗教信徒,特別是法輪功學員的「法律教育」中心。


報告還特別提到中共在沒有任何法律手續的情況下在秘密的地點將一些人長期關押。最典型的例子是:人權律師高智晟從2017年就被「失蹤」,一直到2018年高智晟仍然渺無音訊。

中國法律禁止身體虐待和虐待被關押者,並且禁止獄警逼供,侮辱犯人尊嚴,毆打或慫恿其他人毆打犯人。但黃琦被控向海外非法提供國家機密。各方消息來源稱,監獄方面剝奪黃琦的睡眠和及時就醫,企圖以此迫使他認罪。
「一些活動家和組織繼續指責政府不自覺地從良心犯中收穫器官,特別是法輪功成員。」


報告中提到了中共政府暫停或撤銷一些接受敏感案件的律師的營業執照或法律許可,例如捍衛民主異議人士,家庭教會活動家,法輪功學員或政府批評者。
其他威脅人權律師或以其他方式施加壓力的政府策略包括非法拘留,對律師事務所進行模糊的「調查」,取消律師資格,騷擾和實際恐嚇,以及拒絕獲取證據和客戶。

 

 

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-03/14/c_137894687.htm

枪支暴力危害严重Gun violence poses grave danger。
宗教不宽容言论甚嚣尘上Religious intolerance remarks were on the rise
网络监控司空见惯Internet surveillance becomes a common practice。美国政府的“棱镜”项目24小时运行,未经授权恣意对公民的电子邮件、脸谱网消息、谷歌聊天、Skype网络通话等进行监听监控。The warrantless wiretapping program PRISM is operating around the clock, vacuuming up emails, Facebook messages, Google chats, Skype calls, and the like.
金钱操控美国政治Money politics prevail in the United States
秘密捐助资金和“黑钱”大行其道Secret money donations and "dark money" swept over the elections.
沦为贫富分化最严重的西方国家The  United  States  has  the  highest  rate  of  income  inequality  among Western countries.。美国1%的最富有人群拥有全国38.6%的财富
仇恨犯罪再创新高Hate crimes surged to new height. 。
非洲裔生存状况堪忧 The living conditions of African-Americans are worrisome。美国非洲裔家庭财富的中位值只有白人的十分之一。
种族歧视变本加厉Worsening Racial Discrimination
系统性种族歧视遭到联合国批评Systematic racial discrimination was criticized by the United Nations
少数种族选民的选举权被剥夺Minority voters were disenfranchised.
少数族裔遭受司法歧视Minorities suffered judicial discrimination.
反犹太主义酿成惨剧Anti-Semitism Prevails.
金融领域种族歧视严重Serious racial discrimination exists in the financial sector.。贷款中,非洲裔申请人被拒绝的比例是非拉美裔白人的2倍以上

儿童受虐状况严重Children suffer from serious threats of abuse.
校园枪声不绝于耳There were endless school shootings.。


性骚扰和性侵犯频发 High occurrence rate of sexual harassment and assault.。
81%的女性受访者表示在一生中经历过某种形式的性骚扰,51%的女性受访者表示曾经遭到身体骚扰,
27%的女性受访者表示曾遭受性侵犯。

A survey found that 81 percent of women interviewed had experienced some form of sexual harassment, and 27 percent said they had been sexually assaulted.
女性遭受暴力侵犯Women under violent offending
男女薪酬差距显著Significant wage gap between men and women.
职场歧视普遍存在 Prevalent discrimination in workplace.

移民政策致使骨肉分离 Immigration policy separated children from parents

公民权利屡遭践踏Frequent Infringement on Civil Rights
新闻自由遭受前所未有打击 Press freedom suffered from unprecedented blow.
记者的合法采访权遭受侵犯 The legitimate rights of interviewing by reporters were infringed.。
宗教不宽容言论甚嚣尘上Religious intolerance remarks were on the rise.

政治人物腐败丑闻层出不穷Politicians' corruption scandals were seen constantly.

贫富分化日益严重Income Inequality Continued to Rise
近半美国家庭生活拮据Almost half of American households lived in financial difficulties

单边主义不得人心Unilateralism is Losing Ground悍然退出联合国人权理事会。《大西洋月刊》网站的报道文章分析认为,美国此举最阴险的意图是为了防止自身受到侵犯人权的指控。Flagrantly withdraw from the UN Human Rights Council. The Atlantic said in an online analysis that one of the most likely, and most insidious, arguments for the move is to prevent the United States from being called out on its own alleged human-rights abuses.
减少人道主义援助Reduction of humanitarian aid.
拒不关闭关塔那摩监狱  Refusal to close Guantanamo military prison.
海外军事行动造成平民伤亡 Civilian casualties as result of overseas military operations.

大批游行示威民众遭到逮捕A large number of protesters were arrested.
司法不公导致冤案Miscarriage of justice resulted in wrongful convictions.
监管人员滥用暴力Public officers abusively exercised violence.

 

  news:  TIME  6-19-2018  (http://time.com/5316686/trump-administration-withdraws-us-from-un-human-rights-council/) 美國退出聯合國人權會 The US announced it was leaving the United Nations Human Rights Council, Secretary of State M. Pompeo said "The Human Rights Council is a poor defender of human rights."  One day before the announcement, the U.N. Human Rights chief denounced the Trump admin. for separating migrant children from their parents.

 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, 4-20-2018.

 

中批美 China criticized the US


2017年美国的人权纪录和2017年美国侵犯人权事记    4-24-2018

報告點名中國、俄羅斯、伊朗、北韓天天侵犯境內人士人權,是造成不穩定的力量。

中國任意使用監控手段。中國欠缺獨立司法,打壓獨立律師、加強對訊息的控制,破壞法治。

中國最重要的人權議題包括未經過正當程序,任意或非法剝奪生命;被失蹤、非法軟禁、黑獄等法外行為;異議人士與上訪者的各項自由遭到限制。

此外,網路嚴格審查與控制、鎮壓參與人權宣揚的組織與個人,以及公共利益與少數民族議題、勞工權利嚴格受限,

中國當局限制維吾爾族穆斯林,以及西藏人的宗教、語言和文化身分認同,並限制天主教徒實踐信仰。對言論、宗教、集會結社自由管制遠高於其他地區

中國當局透過法院系統起訴濫權、腐敗官員,但許多個案發現中共是先透過不透明的內部黨紀調查與懲處,顯示中共仍主宰司法系統,控制法官任命,並在某些情況下,直接決定法院裁決包括未經正當程式而拘押公民,酷刑折磨以及監獄內的非人條件,

還有對言論自由、宗教自由和集會自由的有系統的侵犯,以及人權律師和宣導人士的失蹤。報告還說,中國當局對中國新疆維吾爾自治區的維吾爾人進行武斷的拘捕和騷擾。

這份報告還提到了中國政府強制性的計劃生育政策所造成的人道和人口後果。

“中國長期的一胎政策---如今是二胎政策,幾十年來造成了可怕的大規模強制墮胎和絕育。現在男性比女性多出了3400萬人。

史密斯眾議員說:“全世界都在看著我們是否會為那些受到本國政府不公監禁、騷擾或殘酷折磨的人挺身而出。面對中國政府的這些侵權行為,美國不能再保持沉默

from VOA, CNA, UDN, https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper

 

http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2018-04/24/c_1122736180.htm

导言
  4月20日,美国国务院发布《2017年国别人权报告》,继续扮演“人权卫士”,以道德裁判官自居,对他国国内事务和人权状况横加指责,妄言谬评,似乎在这个世界上只有美国的人权状况是最完美的。回顾2017年,稍有正义感的人们都会发现,美国自身的人权纪录依旧劣迹斑斑,并呈持续恶化的趋势。

 

  ——2017年10月1日晚,拉斯维加斯发生美国现代史上最为严重的枪击案,造成近60人死亡、800余人受伤。
  ——2017年8月,一些白人至上主义者聚集夏洛茨维尔市,高呼纳粹口号,举行被称为“几十年来最大的仇恨聚会”。
  ——美国《大西洋》月刊网站和《纽约时报》网站等报道,多项对美国学者的调查显示,大多数受访者认为近几十年来美国民主一直停滞不前,美国的民主正在被金钱淹没。
  ——普林斯顿大学政治学教授马丁·吉伦斯的研究表明,过去40年来美国的经济政策“强烈反映了最富有者的偏好,而与贫困人口和中等收入群体的偏好几乎没有任何关系”。
  ——美国全国免罪记录中心2017年3月7日发布的研究报告显示,非洲裔美国人被误判谋杀罪的可能性比白人高7倍,被误判毒品犯罪的可能性是白人的12倍。针对同样罪行,非洲裔男性罪犯的刑期比白人男性罪犯平均高19.1%。
  ——美国经济政策研究所2017年2月13日发表的报告显示,白人家庭的平均财富比非洲裔家庭高7倍以上,白人家庭财富中位值比非洲裔家庭财富中位值高12倍以上,超过四分之一非洲裔家庭的净资产为零或负数。
  ——据英国《卫报》网站和联合国人权高专办网站2017年12月报道,美国有5230万人生活在“经济贫困社区”,约1850万人处于极度贫困状态。
  ——英国广播公司网站2017年12月11日报道,美国有1330万贫困儿童,占儿童总人口的18%;美国城市研究所的数据显示,美国有近900万儿童在持续贫困的家庭中成长,占儿童总人口的11.8%

 

继续粗暴侵犯他国人权:

 

  美国主导的军事行动造成他国大量平民伤亡,关塔那摩监狱依然非法监禁他国公民并实施酷刑。美国国家安全局还制造网络战争工具,肆意侵入他国网络实施监控。使任何人从后门溜入任何计算机系统。这一工具被组织利用制作勒索病毒,发动了一场全球性的恶意网络攻击

 

 

 

 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, 3-3-2017.

 

中批美 China criticized the US

China's report on "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2016", 3-9-2017.

 

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016

China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)

https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper

http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2016&dlid=265328

對於公民與政治團體的壓迫和脅迫狀況,依舊嚴峻,有成千上萬政治犯被關押,但中國政府仍矢口否認。其他嚴重違反人權的狀況,還包括非法剝奪生命、隨意處刑、非法拘留關押「黑牢」等。

http://www.appledaily.com.tw/realtimenews/article/new/20170304/1068763/

 

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2017-03/09/c_136115481.htm

        一、生命人身權利受到嚴重侵犯 / 美國監禁率居世界第二,每10萬居民中有693人被監禁
  二、政治權利遭到踐踏
  三、中低收入群體生活狀況堪憂 / 過去30年將近70%的收入流入到最富有的10%的人的腰包,中產階級規模出現拐點式萎縮
  四、種族歧視愈演愈烈
  五、婦女兒童老年人權利缺乏應有保障 / 約四分之一的女性曾在工作中受到過性騷擾,近兩成年輕女性在大學四年期間遭到過性侵犯。680萬名10-17歲的青少年處於食品匱乏狀態。每年約有500萬老年人遭到虐待。
  六、粗暴侵犯他國人權 / 侵犯他國人權現象屢有發生,肆意濫殺無辜。2014年8月8日至2016年12月19日,美國空襲伊拉克7258次,空襲敘利亞5828次,造成733起平民死亡事件,共導致4568-6127名平民死亡。2009年以來,美國無人機攻擊僅在巴基斯坦、也門和索馬里就造成超過800名平民傷亡。非法關押和虐待他國囚犯問題遲遲未得到解決。 http://hk.crntt.com/doc/1046/0/4/8/104604891.html?coluid=91&kindid=2710&docid=104604891

 

                                           The Sydney-based Institute for Economics and Peace  < Global Peace Index >

                                                                The US's Global Peace Index 2007~2017 : world No.96, 100, 104, 85, 82, 88, 100, 101, 94, 103, 114.
                                                                China's Global Peace Index 2008~2017 : world No.60, 82, 83, 80, 80, 89, 101, 108, 124, 120, 116

 

 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, 4-13-2016.

 

中批美 China criticized the US

China's report on "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2015", 4-14-2016.

 

被當權視為政治敏感之個人或團體的集會旅行等自由遭受限制... Officials continued to harass, intimidate, and prosecute family members and associates to retaliate against rights advocates and defenders. Individuals and groups regarded as politically sensitive by authorities faced tight restrictions on their freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel... details pls. click

http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper

 

美國視它國民眾人權如糞土... The United States still brazenly and brutally violated human rights in other countries, treating citizens from other countries like dirt ... details pls. click

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2016-04/14/c_135278868.htm

 

The US criticized China 美批中

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, Jun. 26, 2015

中批美 China criticized the US

China's report on "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2014", June 26, 2015

 

中國打壓異議人士與少數民族/ 人權律師浦志強教授伊力哈木Nobel winner劉曉波作家&獨立記者高瑜遭關押無法正常會見律師

網路與新聞不自由/ 封Gmail 封討論台與藏之網站,《明報》前總編劉進圖更當街被砍傷。

中國主席習近平強勢領導,雖高舉反腐,但「黨紀先審」的不透明程序,先於司法而行,涉及濫權,司法體系淪為背書

HK佔中運動遭警強制驅離

打壓少數民族/ 部分被描述為極端份子新疆等民族受壓迫,新聞自由、民眾集會被嚴格控制。

http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/06/china-criticises-human-rights-record-150626053605693.html

...in China "repression and coercion were routine, particularly against organisations and individuals involved in civil and political rights advocacy".

... Beijing's continued repression of ethnic Uighurs and Tibetans.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYShare

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is an authoritarian state in which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is the paramount authority. CCP members hold almost all top government and security apparatus positions. Ultimate authority rests with the 25-member Political Bureau (Politburo) of the CCP and its seven-member Standing Committee. China completed its once-in-a-decade leadership transition in March 2013, and Xi Jinping held the three most powerful positions as CCP general secretary, state president, and chairman of the Central Military Commission. Civilian authorities maintained control of the military and internal security forces.

Repression and coercion were routine, particularly against organizations and individuals involved in civil and political rights advocacy and public interest issues, ethnic minorities, and law firms that took on sensitive cases. Officials continued to employ harassment, intimidation, and prosecution of family members and associates to retaliate against rights advocates and defenders. Individuals and groups regarded as politically sensitive by authorities continued to face tight restrictions on their freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel. Authorities resorted to extralegal measures such as enforced disappearance and strict house arrest, including house arrest of family members, to prevent public expression of independent opinions. Authorities continued to censor and tightly control public discourse on the internet. Public-interest law firms continued to face harassment, disbarment of legal staff, and closure. There was severe official repression of the freedoms of speech, religion, association, and assembly of Uighurs in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and of Tibetans in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) and other Tibetan areas. These minorities also faced severe restrictions on movement. Following incidents of violence throughout China, authorities enforced additional restrictions on religious and cultural expression for Uighurs, especially within the XUAR. Officials also approved expedited judicial procedures and in some cases mass trials for Uighur terrorism suspects in the XUAR. Rights abuses peaked around high-profile events, such as the visit of foreign officials, national meetings, and commemorations.

As in previous years, citizens did not have the right to change their government, and citizens had limited forms of redress against official abuse. Other human rights problems during the year included alleged extrajudicial killings, including executions without due process; enforced disappearance and incommunicado detention, including prolonged illegal detentions at unofficial holding facilities known as “black jails”; torture and coerced confessions of prisoners; detention and harassment of lawyers, journalists, writers, bloggers, dissidents, petitioners, and others who sought to exercise peacefully their rights under the law; a lack of due process in judicial proceedings; political control of courts and judges; closed trials; the use of administrative detention; restrictions on freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel; failure to protect refugees and asylum seekers; pressure on other countries to return PRC citizens forcibly; widespread corruption; intense scrutiny of and restrictions on NGOs; discrimination against women, minorities, and persons with disabilities; a coercive birth-limitation policy that in some cases resulted in forced abortion (sometimes at advanced stages of pregnancy) or forced sterilization; trafficking in persons; prohibitions on independent unions; lack of protection for workers’ right to strike; forced and child labor; and poor enforcement of wage, overtime, and occupational safety and health laws.

Although authorities prosecuted a number of abuses of power through the court system, particularly with regard to corruption, in most cases the CCP first investigated and punished officials using opaque and selectively applied internal party disciplinary procedures. In many of these cases, the information uncovered by party proceedings was turned over to courts, which “validated” the decisions. Citizens who promoted independent efforts to combat abuses of power were themselves prosecuted. For example, throughout the year the government convicted at least 10 persons associated with the New Citizens Movement on charges stemming from activities to promote transparency and good governance.

 

兒童與婦女權利不受尊重,58%中學生遭性騷擾 , 低薪者2/3為婦女, 均薪僅男性 77%。

美國中央情報局(Central Intelligence Agency, CIA)濫用酷刑,種族歧視嚴重

美國監聽浮濫,侵犯他國公民隱私...

美國金錢政治

槍枝氾濫、警察過度使用暴力。

派遣無人機空襲他國,造成大量傷亡。

 美方報告罔顧事實、老調重彈,「確實有點荒唐可笑。」中國奉勸美方管好自己事情,不要以人權問題「充當教師爺」。

 

.

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2015-06/26/c_134357934_9.htm 

Below is brief edited by XinHua, China

The report, titled "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2014," was released by the Information Office of the State Council, China's cabinet, in response to "the 2014 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices" issued by the U.S. State Department on June 25 local time.

China's report states that the U.S. made comments on the human rights situations in many countries while showing not a bit of regret for or intention to improve its own terrible human rights record.

"The U.S., a self-proclaimed human rights defender, saw no improvements in its existent human rights issues, but reported numerous new problems," it says.

While its own human rights situation was increasingly grave, the U.S. violated human rights in other countries in a more brazen manner, and was given more "red cards" in the international human rights field, according to the report.

The U.S. was haunted by spreading guns, frequent occurrence of violent crimes, which threatened citizens' civil rights. The excessive use of force by police officers led to many deaths, sparking public outcry, the report says.

An unarmed 18-year-old African-American Michael Brown was shot dead by a white police officer named Darren Wilson in Ferguson, a town in Missouri. After the grand jury of both Missouri and New York decided to bring no charges against the white police officer, massive protests broke out in more than 170 cities nationwide, it cites cn.nytimes.com as saying.

"The U.S. used cruel tortures indiscriminately, notably those carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)," it says.

To acquire intelligence from suspects of terrorism and extremism, the CIA used brutal methods, such as sleep deprivation, waterboarding, long-term solitary confinement, slamming prisoners against the wall, lashing, death threat and even "rectal rehydration" or rectal feeding, according to the report.

"The U.S. is a country with grim problems of racial discrimination, and institutional discrimination against ethnic minorities continued," according to the report.

Serious racial bias persisted in the police and justice systems. Minority groups and indigenous people are subject to unfairness in environment, election, health care, housing, education and other fields, it says.

In August 2014, the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, in its concluding observation on the periodic report of the U.S. on the latter's implementation of relevant convention, slammed the U.S. for violating the rights of ethnic minorities, indigenous people, immigrants and other minority groups.

Members of racial and ethnic minorities continued to be disproportionately arrested, incarcerated and subjected to harsher sentences, according to the report.

"American women and children's rights were not fully protected," it says, adding that women were discriminated at workplaces, and domestic violence was prevalent.

The report quotes media reports as saying that 2.1 million American women on average were assaulted by men each year. Three females were murdered by their partner each day, and four females died each day as a result of abuse.

Also, "millions of American children were homeless." Three children died each day as a result of abuse. School violence and sex assaults were pervasive and gun shootings happened from time to time, it says.

 

VI. On Violations of Human Rights in Other Countries

In the field of international human rights, the U.S. has long refused to approve some core human rights conventions of the United Nations and voted against some important UN human rights resolutions. More than that, the U.S. continued to go even further to violate human rights in other countries, including infringing on the privacy of citizens of other countries with the overseas monitoring project, killing large number of innocent civilians of other countries in drone strikes, and raping and killing locals by U.S. soldiers garrisoned overseas.

The Central Intelligence Agency abused torture. As of December 2014, 136 prisoners remained locked up in the Guantanamo Bay military prison (www.latimes.com, December 8, 2014). As disclosed in the Senate Intelligence Committee report released on December 9, the CIA paid a contractor 80 million U.S. dollars to come up with ways to torture people. To acquire intelligence from suspects of terrorism and extremism, the CIA used brutal methods, such as sleep deprivation, waterboarding, long-term solitary confinement, slamming prisoners' head against the wall, lashing, death threat and even the appalling "rectal rehydration" (www.intelligence.senate.gov, December 3, 2014). Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, a prisoner held by the CIA in Afghanistan, was tortured with water-boarding for 183 times (www.foxnews.com, April 1, 2014). According to CIA records, many agents implementing waterboarding felt sick, wanted to vomit, and some wanted to cry and felt suffocated (www.intelligence.senate.gov, December 3, 2014). Some detainees also underwent sexual assault. Mohamedou Ould Slahi, held in Guantanamo for 12 years without evidence and court trial, published a diary he wrote in prison. According to the diary, published by German weekly Der Spiegel, Slahi suffered from a variety of tortures, including savage beating, starvation, prohibition of prayer and sexual abuse (www.spiegel.de, January 20, 2015). The Los Angeles Times said in an editorial that the report showed American post-9/11 shame, as well as stomach-turning details of torture. On April 9, 2014, the U.S. executed Mexican citizen Ramiro Hernandez Llanas without granting him access to consular assistance, a flagrant violation of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. On April 11, 2014, the spokesperson for the UN high commission for human rights slammed the U.S. saying that its execution of foreign nationals while depriving them of the rights of obtaining consular assistance constituted an act of arbitrary deprivation of life, which violated the international law, including the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights approved by the U.S.

Massive overseas surveillance program violated other countries' sovereignty and civil rights. Ever since Edward Snowden blew the whistle on the PRISM data mining program of the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013, more surveillance programs of the U.S. authorities were revealed, and in larger scales. The NSA intercepted phone conversations of 35 world leaders, including Secretary-General of the United Nations, German chancellor and Brazilian president (www.theguardian.com, October 25, 2013). According to a Washington Post report on January 2, 2014, the NSA had a quantum computer development project, coded as "Penetrating Hard Targets," for the purpose of cracking common passwords on the Internet, and stealing encrypted information of government organs, enterprises and banks around the world (www.washingtonpost.com, January 2, 2014). In another project, code-named "Quantum," the NSA installed micro circuit boards or USB storage cards in nearly 100,000 computers around the world, through the channels of "spies, computer makes and unwitting users," obtained data from the computers via receiving radio waves emitted from these devices, and launched cyber attacks on target computers (www.washingtonpost.com, January 14, 2014 and www.huffingtonpost.com, January 14, 2014). Another program, codenamed "Dishfire," collected up to 200 million mobile phone text messages each day from around the globe, while program "Prefer" conducted automated analysis on these messages to acquire users' locations, networks and credit card transaction details (www.theguardian.com, January 6, 2014).

Frequent use of drones producing massive civilian casualties in other countries. Statistics showed that as of November 24, 2014, U.S. drones claimed the lives of 1,147 people in attacks against 41 persons, which meant the death of 28 civilians including women and children to kill every 'bad guy' the U.S. went after (www.theguardian.com, November 14, 2014). In Yemen, U.S. drone bombing and air strikes killed estimated 753 to 965 people, including at least 81 civilians, from the beginning of 2014 to mid April. (www.washingtonpost.com, September 11, 2014).

Frequent violation of human rights by U.S. troops overseas. On July 25, 2014, two American soldiers based near the northern Italian town Vicenza, Gray Lamarcus and Ides McCough, were accused of raping and beating a six month pregnant Romanian woman (www.thedailybeast.com, July 25, 2014). On October 15, 2014, the Philippine police accused American marine Joseph Scott Pemberton of murdering a transgender (www.cbsnews.com, October 15, 2014).

Take its own way on international human rights law. To date, the U.S. still denies that the right of development is a human right. In September 2014, when a draft resolution on the right of development was tabled for a vote at the 27th session of the Human Rights Council, the U.S. once again was the only nation to vote against it (www.ohchr.org, adopted resolution A/HRC/RES/27/2). Though the U.S. signed the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in 1977, it has not ratified it so far. Though the U.S. claimed it valued the rights of women and children, yet 34 years after it signed the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, it has not ratified the treaty. It has neither ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child 19 years after signing it. Besides, the U.S. remained inactive on foreign debts and human rights to evade its responsibility. It voted against the draft resolution of "the effects of foreign debt on the enjoyment of all human rights" at meetings of the UN Human Rights Council in March and September in 2014 respectively (UN document A/HRC/RES/25/16)

 

 

 

 

The US criticized China

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, Feb. 27, 2014

China criticized the US

China's report on "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2013", Feb. 27, 2014

 

BBC  brief

美國國務院發佈2013年全球人權報告,批評中國當局壓制並脅迫維權組織和個人,並限制集會、信仰和行動自由。

中國當局打壓人權,壓制並脅迫那些提倡公民和政治權利的組織和個人,涉及政治敏感的組織和個人的活動仍持續受到限制。

報告稱中國當局強迫異見人士離開住家或把他們軟禁;其它侵犯人權的行為包括非法拘留、嚴刑逼供、騷擾或囚禁律師、記者和示威者。

收緊對互聯網和微博的監控和限制。

報告還說,儘管中國當局處理了一些濫權腐敗案,但中共內部的紀律處分程序只是選擇性地應用於高級官員,一些呼籲反腐的公民卻遭到逮捕和拘禁。

 

Repression and coercion, particularly against organizations and individuals involved in civil and political rights advocacy and public interest issues, ethnic minorities, and law firms that took on sensitive cases, were routine. Increasingly officials employed harassment, intimidation, and prosecution of family members and associates to retaliate against rights advocates and defenders. Individuals and groups seen as politically sensitive by authorities continued to face tight restrictions on their freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel. Authorities resorted to extralegal measures such as enforced disappearance and strict house arrest, including house arrest of family members, to prevent public expression of independent opinions. Authorities implemented new measures to control and censor the internet and particularly targeted bloggers with large numbers of followers, leading some to close their online accounts. Public-interest law firms continued to face harassment, disbarment of legal staff, and closure. There was severe official repression of the freedoms of speech, religion, association, and assembly of ethnic Uighurs in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and of ethnic Tibetans in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) and other Tibetan areas. These minorities also faced harsh restrictions on movement. Abuses peaked around high-profile events, such as the visit of foreign officials, national meetings, and commemorations.

As in previous years, citizens did not have the right to change their government, and citizens had limited forms of redress against official abuse. Other human rights problems during the year included extrajudicial killings, including executions without due process; enforced disappearance and incommunicado detention, including prolonged illegal detentions at unofficial holding facilities known as “black jails”; torture and coerced confessions of prisoners; detention and harassment of lawyers, journalists, writers, bloggers, dissidents, petitioners, and others who sought to exercise peacefully their rights under the law; a lack of due process in judicial proceedings; political control of courts and judges; closed trials; the use of administrative detention; restrictions on freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel; failure to protect refugees and asylum seekers; pressure on other countries to return PRC citizens forcibly; widespread corruption; intense scrutiny of and restrictions on nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); discrimination against women, minorities, and persons with disabilities; a coercive birth-limitation policy that in some cases resulted in forced abortion (sometimes at advanced stages of pregnancy) or forced sterilization; trafficking in persons; prohibitions on independent unions; lack of protection for workers’ right to strike; forced and child labor; and poor enforcement of wage, overtime, and occupational safety and health laws.

Although authorities prosecuted a number of abuses of power, particularly with regard to corruption, in many cases the internal disciplinary procedures of the CCP were opaque and only selectively applied to senior officials. Citizens who promoted efforts to combat corruption were themselves detained and arrested. For example, throughout the year, NGO sources reported that authorities arrested at least 29 persons associated with the New Citizens Movement on charges stemming from activities to promote good governance.

http://www.state.gov/g/drl/hr/ 

 

UDN  3.1.2014  brief

中共批判美國人權:

美國是世界上侵犯他國人權最為嚴重的國家。美國頻繁在巴基斯坦、葉門等國使用武裝無人機發動襲擊,造成大量平民傷亡。

普遍實施單獨囚禁酷刑。美國被單獨囚禁者達八萬人之多,有的甚至被單獨囚禁四十年以上。另外,美國失業率居高不下,最低收入家庭失業率高達百分之廿一。無家可歸者人數持續增加,2011年至2013年,美國的無家可歸者增加了百分之十六。

種族歧視在美國社會系統性地存在,美國仍存在嚴重的性別歧視,兒童權利保障不力。
 

Apple Daily:
中國國務院新聞辦公室昨發布《2013年美國的人權紀錄》,批評美國「以世界人權法官自居」,指摘他國人權狀況,卻掩蓋自身嚴重的人權問題。
報告稱美國去年的人權問題嚴重,例如:「稜鏡」(PRISM)計劃監控國內外民眾、出動無人機攻擊他國等。中國竟有臉批評老牌民主大國,實在令人啼笑皆非。
 

 

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-02/28/c_133150579.htm  (full text)

The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2013" was released by the Information Office of the State Council, China's cabinet, in response to "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2013" made public by the U.S. State Department on Thursday.

China's report states that there were serious human rights problems in the U.S in 2013, with the situation deteriorating in many fields. Once again posing as "the world judge of human rights", the U.S. government "made arbitrary attacks and irresponsible remarks" on almost 200 countries and regions, the report says.

The United States carefully concealed and avoided mentioning its own human rights problems, according to the report.

THE WORLD THROUGH PRISM

The U.S. government spies on its own citizens to a "massive and unrestrained" degree, the report says.

The report calls the U.S. PRISM surveillance program, a vast, long-term mechanism for spying on private citizens both at home and abroad, "a blatant violation of international law" and says it "seriously infringes human rights."

The U.S. intelligence services, by virtue of data provided by Internet and telecom companies -- including Microsoft, Google, Apple, Facebook, and Yahoo -- "recklessly" track citizens' private contacts and social activities.

KILLER ROBOTS AND DEAD CONVENTIONS

The report quantifies drone strikes by the U.S. in countries, including Pakistan and Yemen, which have caused heavy civilian casualties. In Pakistan alone, since 2004, the U.S. has carried out 376 drone strikes killing 926 civilians.

The U.S. has not ratified, or participated in, a series of core UN conventions on human rights, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT

Solitary confinement is prevalent in the U.S., the report says.

In U.S. prisons, inmates in solitary confinement are enclosed in cramped cells with poor ventilation and little or no natural light, isolated from other prisoners; a situation that takes it toll on inmates' physical and mental health.

About 80,000 U.S. prisoners are in solitary confinement. Some have been held in solitary confinement for over 40 years.

RAMPANT GUN VIOLENCE

The rampant U.S. gun culture breeds violence that results in the death of 11,000 Americans every year.

The report cites figures from the FBI that state firearms were used in 69.3 percent of the nation's murders, 41 percent of robberies, and 21.8 percent of aggravated assaults.

In 2013, 137 people were killed in 30 mass murder events (four or more deaths each).

A rampage in the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command in Washington D.C. left 12 people dead, according to the report.

UNEMPLOYMENT AND HOMELESSNESS

"The U.S. still faces a grave employment situation with its unemployment rate still high," the report says.

Unemployment for low-income families has topped 21 percent. The homeless population in the U.S. has climbed 16 percent from 2011 to 2013.

There are also many child laborers in the agricultural sector in the U.S. and their physical and mental health is seriously compromised, the report says.

Friday's report was the 15th such annual report published by China in response to U.S. attacks

Commentary: U.S. should "sweep its own doorstep" on human rights

BEIJING, Feb. 28 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese idiom says that all will follow one who is personally upright, even though he does not give orders; but if he is not personally upright, they will not follow, even though he gives orders.

Attributed to Confucius (551 BC-479 BC), one of the greatest Chinese philosophers in history, the idiom is an important tenet for the Chinese. Full story

 

 

 

 美 國 抨 擊 中 國 人 權

文件: "USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
美國國務院發表, April 8, 2011

 
中 國 抨 擊 美 國 人 權

文件:  "China’s annual report on Washington’s human rights record",
中國國務院新聞辦公室(
China's Information Office of the State Council, or cabinet)公布於 April 10, 2011

 

【聯合報 】2011.4.10

美國國務卿希拉蕊在談到中國人權狀況時表示,在今年第一季度,美方看到中國負面趨勢變得更加「惡化」。報告稱,世界一些國家繼續嚴重踐踏人權,...中國...是人權問題特別令人擔憂的國家,中國...是二○一○年人權紀錄最糟糕的亞洲國。

 

【中時電子報 】 4 12 2011【台灣醒報】 2011-04-11

交鋒人權問題 中美發表報告互控

    美國日前發布「2010全球人權報告」,指出中國人權狀況逐漸惡化,當局加強控制公民社會,並箝制媒體和網路。

    中國共產黨近來加強取締異議人士和人權份子,...。在最近一波的鎮壓行動中,遭警察監禁或秘密居留的的行動份子中,最出名的就是因涉嫌「經濟犯罪」而遭捕的藝術家艾未未。

    美國上週五發佈報告指出,中國加速限制律師、行動份子、部落客和記者,並加控制公民社會,還著力箝制媒體和網路。美國國務卿希拉蕊...指出中國人權狀況逐漸惡化,...直接點名知名藝術家艾未未,呼籲中國當局立即予以釋放。

    

美國華盛頓郵報  (Washington Post), by Associated Press, Monday, April 11, 2:03 AM

China stepped up restrictions on critics and tightened control of civil society last year by limiting freedom of speech and Internet access.

The US has also protested the detention of government critics, including artist Ai Weiwei (艾未未) as part of a recent Chinese crackdown on dissent.

 

英國路透社 (Reuters), Apr 10, 2011 11:57am EDT

China tells U.S. to quit as human rights judge

U.S. Secretary of State ... was "deeply concerned" about it, and cited "negative trends" including Ai's detention.

... U.S. State Department report ... said Beijing had stepped up restrictions on lawyers, activists, bloggers and journalists, and tightened controls on civil society.

It has also increased its efforts to control the press, Internet and Internet access,...

 

 

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, issued April 8, 2011

full text please refer to
http://www.state.gov/g/drl/hr/       http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/index.htm

A negative trend in key areas of the country's human rights record continued, as the government took additional steps to rein in civil society, particularly organizations and individuals involved in rights advocacy and public interest issues, and increased attempts to limit freedom of speech and to control the press, the Internet, and Internet access. Efforts to silence political activists and public interest lawyers were stepped up, and increasingly the government resorted to extralegal measures including enforced disappearance, "soft detention," and strict house arrest, including house arrest of family members, to prevent the public voicing of independent opinions. Public interest law firms that took on sensitive cases also continued to face harassment, disbarment of legal staff, and closure.

Individuals and groups, especially those seen as politically sensitive by the government, continued to face tight restrictions on their freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel. The government continued its severe cultural and religious repression of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and Tibetan areas. Abuses peaked around high-profile events, such as the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to democracy activist Liu Xiaobo and sensitive anniversaries.

As in previous years, citizens did not have the right to change their government. Principal human rights problems during the year included: extrajudicial killings, including executions without due process; enforced disappearance and incommunicado detention, including prolonged illegal detentions at unofficial holding facilities known as "black jails"; torture and coerced confessions of prisoners; detention and harassment of journalists, writers, dissidents, petitioners, and others who sought to peacefully exercise their rights under the law; a lack of due process in judicial proceedings, political control of courts and judges; closed trials; the use of administrative detention; restrictions on freedoms to assemble, practice religion, and travel; failure to protect refugees and asylum-seekers; pressure on other countries to forcibly return citizens to China; intense scrutiny of, and restrictions on, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); discrimination against women, minorities, and persons with disabilities; a coercive birth limitation policy, which in some cases resulted in forced abortion or forced sterilization; trafficking in persons; prohibitions on independent unions and a lack of protection for workers' right to strike; and the use of forced labor, including prison labor. Corruption remained endemic.

RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS

Section 1 Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including Freedom From:

a. Arbitrary or Unlawful Deprivation of Life...

b. Disappearance...

c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment...

d. Arbitrary Arrest or Detention...

e. Denial of Fair Public Trial...

f. Arbitrary Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence...

Section 2 Respect for Civil Liberties, Including: ... omitted

 

 

Taipei Times, Taiwan:  April 11, 2011

In its encyclopedic 35th annual report on human rights practices in 190 countries, the department had particularly harsh words for China.

US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, presenting the report, said: “In China, we’ve seen negative trends that are appearing to worsen in the first part of 2011.”

“We remain deeply concerned about reports that since February, dozens of people, including public-interest lawyers, writers, artists, intellectuals and activists, have been arbitrarily detained and arrested,” Clinton said. “Among them most recently was the prominent artist Ai Weiwei (艾未未), who was taken into custody just this past Sunday. We urge China to release all of those who have been detained for exercising their internationally recognized right to free expression and to respect the fundamental freedoms and human rights of all the citizens of China.”

 

the Liberty Times, Taiwan, 2011/04/11 14:47:26

 "Show more concern for China's human rights"
 

The Beijing government's arrest of well-known Chinese artist Ai Weiwei has drawn worldwide concern. The U.S. State Department has called for Ai's immediate release and outgoing U.S. Ambassador to China Jon Huntsman has also criticized China's human rights suppression in his recent farewell speeches.

The State Department's newly published report on human rights conditions around the world points out that the human rights situation has continued to deteriorate in China as the Chinese authorities have taken more measures to restrict civil liberties and suppress human rights campaigners.

...In fact, democracy and human rights are imaginary issues in China,...

Although the Chinese Constitution contains human rights provisions, none of them have ever been substantiated. A peaceful political reform advocate, Liu Xiabo, is serving a jail term for subversion simply because he wrote articles criticizing the communist government. Liu, who has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, has even been denied the chance to receive the award in person, and remains incarcerated.

The arrest of Ai Weiwei has exposed yet another downside to the Chinese communist regime. A world-renowned artist, Ai has been active in investigating corrupt political forces and advocating civil rights in Chinese society, such as probing toxic milk and shoddy school construction projects and supporting suppressed human rights campaigners.

He was taken into custody at Beijing airport early this month when he was getting ready to board a flight to Hong Kong, on charges of committing economic crimes.

★  New York Times , April 6, 2011

Departing U.S. Envoy Criticizes China on Human Rights

... ambassador, Mr. Huntsman said bluntly that prominent Chinese activists had been unfairly detained or jailed, naming Liu Xiaobo, the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize winner, who is serving an 11-year prison sentence for “subversion,” and Ai Weiwei, the Beijing artist who was taken into custody on Sunday.

Mr. Huntsman also accused China of wrongly imprisoning Xue Feng, an American geologist who was gathering information on the oil industry and accused of stealing state secrets.

“The United States will never stop supporting human rights because we believe in the fundamental struggle for human dignity and justice wherever it may occur,”...

In Berlin, Germany’s foreign minister, Guido Westerwelle, summoned the Chinese ambassador to protest Mr. Ai’s detention. American and European Union officials have expressed concern about his safety. ...

Mr. Ai’s arrest appears to be part of the government’s attempt to stifle dissent among activists who may be trying to emulate the protests and demonstrations in recent months in North Africa and the Middle East. Chinese security officers have detained activists, tightened controls over the Internet and the Chinese news media, and harassed and threatened foreign journalists.

 

★  New York Times , Jan. 19, 2011 

WASHINGTON — President Obama on Wednesday gently but pointedly prodded China to make progress on human rights, but he sought to focus most of the attention during a closely watched state visit with President Hu Jintao on the expanding economic relationship between the United States and its biggest economic rival.

 

Mr. Obama said that differences on human rights were an “occasional source of tension between our two governments.” ... he called on China to live up to human rights values that he said were enshrined in the Chinese Constitution, adding that Americans “have some core views as Americans about the universality of certain rights: freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of assembly.”

Mr. Hu, ..., seemed to hearten White House officials by acknowledging that China had a ways to go on human rights issues. ...“And a lot still needs to be done in China in terms of human rights.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

英國 BBC ,  4月 10日 2011年

"中國發表報告批評美國人權紀錄「糟糕」"

中國...發表針對美國的人權報告,抨擊美國...的《人權報告》再次對中國等國進行「歪曲指責」。

中方認為,美國對自身糟糕的人權狀況熟視無睹,很少提及。...

...美國是世界上暴力犯罪最嚴重的國家,公民的生命、財產和人身安全得不到應有的保障。...美國每年約有五分之一的人成為各種犯罪行為的受害者,這一比例居全世界之首。

報告引述皮尤研究中心2008年報告表明,美國每100個成人中就有一個在監獄服刑。美國被剝奪自由的囚犯數量居世界之最。

這份報告把失業率居高不下;貧困人口比例創新高;飢餓人口大幅增加等問題也列入美國人權紀錄差的範疇。

在提到侵犯他國人權時,中國新聞辦指出,美國發動的伊拉克戰爭和阿富汗戰爭,造成大量平民傷亡。

...美國拒絕參加一些重要的國際人權公約和履行國際義務,比如《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》;《兒童權利公約》等。

...美國無視自身存在的嚴重人權問題,卻熱衷於推行所謂「人權外交」,將人權作為醜化別國形像和謀取自己戰略利益的政治工具。...

 

Taiwan News , 4.11.2011

美國政府破壞公民隱私權,使用酷刑迫使犯罪嫌疑人招供,並限制自由。 這份報告說,種族歧視和對少數族裔歧視的現象普遍發生,而且根深蒂固。

報告說,法院常常出現錯判的情況,而且美國存在廣泛的犯罪活動和與槍支有關的暴力行為。 中國還說,美國自稱是民主的燈塔,但是它說美國的民主主要基於金錢之上。

 

【中時電子報 】 4 12 2011【台灣醒報 】 2011-04-11

中國政府...發表「2010美國人權紀錄」反批美國充滿暴力、種族歧視和酷刑,「美國人權紀錄十分糟糕,沒資格以世界法官自居」。 ...

中國顯然沒有向西方壓力低頭,中國外交部對此回應,堅決反對美國藉人權干涉中國內政,並發表「2010年美國人權紀錄」指責美國充滿了暴力,種族歧視和酷刑,指責美國人權紀錄十分糟糕,沒資格冒充世界人權法官,對其他國家的人權狀況進行批判。

   ...美國無視自身存在的嚴重人權問題,卻熱衷於推行所謂「人權外交」,將人權作為醜化別國形象和謀取自己戰略利益的政治工具,充分暴露美國在人權問題上,實行雙重標準的偽善面目,並且藉口人權推行霸權主義的不良圖謀。

    該報告提及美國入侵伊拉克,也提及美國拒絕正式批准一些國際人權條約,而美國也有貧困、飢餓和街友問題,公民的生活、財產、人身安全並沒有受到應有保障。

 

【聯合報】2011.4.10

針對美國人權報告,中共外交部發言人洪磊昨天表示,中方堅決反對美方藉人權問題干涉中國內政。中國重視保障人權,中國經濟持續發展,民主法制建設不斷推進,文化事業日益繁榮,各族人民享有廣泛的自由和權利。他勸美方多反省自己的人權問題,不要以「人權教師爺」自居,停止藉人權報告方式干涉別國內政。

 

美國華盛頓郵報  (Washington Post), by Associated Press,

China accused the US ... of pushing for Internet freedom around the world as a way to undermine other nations, while noting that Washington’s campaign against secret-spilling Web site WikiLeaks showed its own sensitivity to the free flow of information.

... lambasted the US over issues ranging from homelessness and violent crime to the influence of money on politics and the negative effects of its foreign policy on civilians...

China also advise the US government to take concrete actions to improve its human rights conditions, check and rectify its acts in the human rights field, and stop the hegemonistic deeds of using human rights issues to interfere in other countries’ internal affairs,” ...

... Washington “wants to practice diplomacy by other means, including the Internet, particularly the social networks.”

... cited figures showing high crime, child poverty and racial discrimination in the US, and accused Washington of causing “huge civilian casualties” in Iraq and Afghanistan.

... the huge amount of money poured into last year’s mid-term congressional elections as a perversion of democracy, blasted Arizona’s legislation on illegal immigration and pointed to a women’s bias lawsuit against Wal-Mart as evidence of continuing gender discrimination.

 

英國路透社 (Reuters), Apr. 10, 2011 11:57am EDT

China tells U.S. to quit as human rights judge

The United States is beset by violence, racism and torture and has no authority to condemn other governments' human rights problems, China said on Sunday, countering U.S. criticism of Beijing's crackdown....

Stop the domineering behavior of exploiting human rights to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries,"...

"The United States ignores its own severe human rights problems, ardently promoting its so-called 'human rights diplomacy', treating human rights as a political tool to vilify other countries and to advance its own strategic interests," ...

... the United States' refusal to ratify a number of international human rights pacts, and listed poverty, hunger and homelessness as stains on the country's rights record.

"The United States is the world's worst country for violent crimes," said the report. "Citizens' lives, property and personal safety do not receive the protection they should."

"Racial discrimination is deeply rooted in the United States, permeating every aspect of social life,"

 

  www.USA.ChinaDaily.com.cn ,   April  11,  2011

ps : excerpts of  "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2010",  China's Information Office of the State Council, or cabinet

 the United States released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2010 on April 8, 2011. As in previous years, the reports are full of distortions and accusations of the human rights situation in more than 190 countries and regions including China. However, the United States turned a blind eye to its own terrible human rights situation and seldom mentioned it....

I. On Life, Property and Personal Security

The United States reports the world's highest incidence of violent crimes, and its people's lives, properties and personal security are not duly protected.

Every year, one out of every five people is a victim of a crime in the United States. No other nation on earth has a rate that is higher (10 Facts About Crime in the United States that Will Blow Your Mind, Beforitsnews.com).

...

II. On Civil and Political Rights

In the United States, the violation of citizens' civil and political rights by the government is severe.

Citizen' s privacy has been undermined. According to figures released by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) in September 2010, more than 6,600 travelers had been subject to electronic device searches between Oct 1, 2008 and June 2, 2010, nearly half of them American citizens. A report on The Wall Street Journal on Sept 7, 2010, said the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was sued over its policies that allegedly authorize the search and seizure of laptops, cellphones and other electronic devices without a reasonable suspicion of wrongdoing. ..

Abuse of violence and torturing suspects to get confession is serious in the US law enforcement. According to a report of Associated Press on Oct 14, 2010, the New York Police Department (NYPD) paid about $964 million to resolve claims against its officers over the past decade. Among them was a case that an unarmed man was killed in a 50-bullet police shooting on his wedding day. ...

The United States has always called itself "land of freedom," but the number of inmates in the country is the world' s largest. According to a report released by the Pew Center on the States' Public Safety Performance Project in 2008, one in every 100 adults in the US are in jail and the figure was one in every 400 in 1970....

Wrongful conviction occurred quite often in the United States. In the past two decades, a total of 266 people were exonerated through DNA tests, among them 17 were on death row (Chicago Tribune, July 11, 2010). A report from The Washington Post on April 23, 2010, said Washington DC Police admitted 41 charges they raised against a 14-year-old boy, including four first-degree murders, were false and the teen never confessed to any charge. ...

The US regards itself as "the beacon of democracy." However, its democracy is largely based on money. According to a report from The Washington Post on Oct 26, 2010, US House and Senate candidates shattered fundraising records for a midterm election, taking in more than $1.5 billion as of Oct 24. The midterm election, held in November 2010, finally cost $3.98 billion, the most expensive in the US history....

While advocating Internet freedom, the US in fact imposes fairly strict restriction on cyberspace. On June 24, 2010, the US Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs approved the Protecting Cyberspace as a National Asset Act, which will give the federal government "absolute power" to shut down the Internet under a declared national emergency. Handing government the power to control the Internet will only be the first step towards a greatly restricted Internet system, whereby individual IDs and government permission would be required to operate a website (Prison Planet.com, June 25, 2010). The United States applies double standards on Internet freedom by requesting unrestricted "Internet freedom" in other countries, ...

III. On Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

IV. On Racial Discrimination

Racial discrimination, deep-seated in the United States, has permeated every aspect of social life.

An Associated Press-Univision Poll, reported by the Associated Press on May 20, 2010, found that 61 percent of people overall said Hispanics face significant discrimination, compared with 52 percent who said blacks do. The New York Times reported on Oct 28, 2010 that more than 6 in 10 Latinos in the United States say discrimination is a "major problem" for them, a significant increase in the last three years.

Minorities do not enjoy the same political status as white people. The New York city's non-Hispanic white population is 35 percent, while more than 70 percent of the senior jobs are held by whites. ...

Minority groups have high unemployment rate. ...

Poverty proportion for minorities is also high in the United States....

The US minority groups face obvious inequality in education....

The health care for African-American people is worrisome. ...

Racial discrimination is evident in the law enforcement and judicial systems. The New York Times reported on May 13, 2010, that in 2009, African-Americans and Latinos were 9 times more likely to be stopped by the police to receive stop-and-frisk searches than white people....

Racial hate crimes are frequent. The FBI said in an annual report that out of 6,604 hate crimes committed in the United States in 2009,...

V. On the rights of women and children

The situation regarding the rights of women and children in the United States is bothering. ...

VI. On US Violations of Human Rights against Other Nations

The United States has a notorious record of international human rights violations.

The US-led wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have caused huge civilian casualties....

The US counter-terrorism missions have been haunted by prisoner abuse scandals. The United States held individuals captured during its "war on terror" indefinitely without charge or trial,...

The United States refuses to join several key international human rights conventions, failing to fulfill its international obligations...The above-mentioned facts illustrate that the United States has a dismal record on its own human rights and could not be justified to pose as the world's "human rights justice". However, it released the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices year after year to accuse and blame other countries for their human rights practices. The United States ignores its own serious human rights problems, but has been keen on advocating the so-called "human rights diplomacy", to take human rights as a political instrument to defame other nations' image and seek its own strategic interests. These facts fully expose its hypocrisy by exercising double standards on human rights and its malicious design to pursue hegemony under the pretext of human rights.

full text pls refer to www.usa.ChinaDaily.com.cn

 

 Xinhua -- BEIJING, April 10, 2011

Many children in the U.S. live in poverty and their physical and mental health is not ensured as nearly one in four children struggles with hunger,...

The poverty rate increased for children younger than 18 to 20.7 percent in 2009, up 1.7 percentage points from that in 2008, the report quoted figures from the U.S. Census Bureau as saying.

... violence against children is very severe in the country, citing figures from the official website of Love Our Children USA that every year over three million children are victims of violence reportedly and the actual number is three times greater.

More than 93,000 children are currently incarcerated in the United States, and between 75 and 93 percent of children have experienced at least one traumatic experience, including sexual abuse and neglect, ...

... pornographic content is rampant on the Internet and severely harms American children as seven in 10 children have accidentally accessed pornography on the Internet and one in three has done so intentionally.

 

 

People's Daily Online  , 08:53, April 11, 2011  

US has serious human rights abuses: China
 
The United States, the world's richest state, is beset by rampant gun violence, serious racism, and an increasing portion of its population have become poorer,...

The U.S., under siege with all its human rights problems, is in no position to criticize other countries' human rights, ...

Washington has taken human rights as a "political instrument to defame other governments' image and seek its own strategic interests", Beijing said.

In breakdown, the report lists high incidence of gun-related bloodshed crimes in the U.S. resulting from its outrageous gun ownership policy. It has 12,000 registered gun murder cases a year, and tens of hundreds people are shot to death or get injured in gunfights, the highest in the world.

In the U.S. the violation of citizens' civil and political rights by the government is severe, the report said. Between October 2008 to June 2010, more than 6,600 travelers were subject to electronic device searches, half of them are American citizens.

And, abuse of force and violence, and torturing suspects in order to get their confession is serious in the U.S. law enforcement, ...

The US... democracy is largely based on money, ... ...The Washington Post on October 26, 2010, U.S. House and Senate candidates shattered fundraising records for a midterm election, taking in more than $1.5 billion. The midterm election, held in November, cost $3.98 billion, the most expensive political rally in the US history. Various interest groups have actively spent on the event, ...

..., the US in fact imposes strict restriction on cyberspace. On June 24, 2010, the US Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs approved the Protecting Cyberspace as a National Asset Act, which will give the American federal government "absolute power" to shut down the Internet under a declared national emergency rule.

Economically, unemployment rate in the United States has been stubbornly high. Proportion of Americans living in poverty has risen to a new high. The US Census Bureau reported in September that a total of 44 million Americans found themselves in poverty. The share of residents in poverty climbed to 14.3 percent in 2009, the report said.

Also, Americans living in hunger and starvation increased sharply. A report issued by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in November showed that 14.7 percent of US households were food insecure in 2009. And, the number of families in homeless shelters increased 7 percent to more than 170, 000, it said.

On the global stage, the U.S. has a "notorious record of international human rights violations", said the report. The U.S.-led wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have already caused huge civilian casualties.

Prior to Beijing's releasing the human rights report, a U.S. State Department report on global human rights released on Friday said that Beijing had stepped up restrictions on activists, lawyers and online bloggers, and tightened controls on civil society to maintain stability....

 

 

USA Today ,  April 11, 2011 

"China issues report criticizing U.S. human rights"

China accused the U.S. on Monday of pushing for Internet freedom around the world as a way to undermine other nations, while noting that Washington's campaign against secret-spilling website WikiLeaks showed its own sensitivity to the free flow of information.

...  China's annual report on Washington's human rights record, which lambasted the U.S. over issues ranging from homelessness and violent crime to the influence of money on politics and the negative effects of its foreign policy on civilians.

... "We hereby advise the U.S. government to take concrete actions to improve its human rights conditions, check and rectify its acts in the human rights field, and stop the hegemonistic deeds of using human rights issues to interfere in other countries' internal affairs,"

...

Washington "wants to practice diplomacy by other means, including the Internet, particularly the social networks."

The Chinese report cited figures showing high crime, child poverty and racial discrimination in the U.S., and accused Washington of causing "huge civilian casualties" in Iraq and Afghanistan.

The report pointed to the huge amount of money poured into last year's midterm congressional elections as a perversion of democracy, blasted Arizona's legislation on illegal immigration, and pointed to a women's bias lawsuit against Wal-Mart as evidence of continuing gender discrimination...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 The US criticized China

"USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices", the US State Department, May 24, 2012

 China criticized the US

China's report on "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2011", May 25, 2012


★  美國國務院人權報告
US Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011, May 24, 2012

 

China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYShare

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is an authoritarian state in which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) constitutionally is the paramount authority. CCP members hold almost all top government, police, and military positions. Ultimate authority rests with the 25-member Political Bureau (Politburo) of the CCP and its nine-member Standing Committee. Hu Jintao holds the three most powerful positions as CCP general secretary, president, and chairman of the Central Military Commission. Civilian authorities generally maintained effective control of the security forces.

Deterioration in key aspects of the country’s human rights situation continued. Repression and coercion, particularly against organizations and individuals involved in rights advocacy and public interest issues, were routine. Individuals and groups seen as politically sensitive by the authorities continued to face tight restrictions on their freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel. Efforts to silence political activists and public interest lawyers were stepped up, and, increasingly, authorities resorted to extralegal measures including enforced disappearance, “soft detention,” and strict house arrest, including house arrest of family members, to prevent the public voicing of independent opinions. Public interest law firms that took on sensitive cases continued to face harassment, disbarment of legal staff, and closure. The authorities increased attempts to limit freedom of speech and to control the press, the Internet, and Internet access. The authorities continued severe cultural and religious repression of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and Tibetan areas. Abuses peaked around high-profile events, such as the visit of foreign officials, sensitive anniversaries, and in response to Internet-based calls for “Jasmine Revolution” protests.

As in previous years, citizens did not have the right to change their government. Other human rights problems during the year included: extrajudicial killings, including executions without due process; enforced disappearance and incommunicado detention, including prolonged illegal detentions at unofficial holding facilities known as “black jails”; torture and coerced confessions of prisoners; detention and harassment of lawyers, journalists, writers, dissidents, petitioners, and others who sought to peacefully exercise their rights under the law; a lack of due process in judicial proceedings; political control of courts and judges; closed trials; the use of administrative detention; restrictions on freedom to assemble, practice religion, and travel; failure to protect refugees and asylum seekers; pressure on other countries to forcibly return citizens to China; intense scrutiny of and restrictions on nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); discrimination against women, minorities, and persons with disabilities; a coercive birth limitation policy that in some cases resulted in forced abortion or forced sterilization; trafficking in persons; prohibitions on independent unions and a lack of protection for workers’ right to strike; and the use of forced labor, including prison labor. Corruption remained widespread.

The authorities prosecuted a number of abuses of power, particularly with regard to corruption. However, the internal disciplinary procedures of the CCP were opaque, and it was not clear whether human rights and administrative abuses were consistently punished.

 

details refer to http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper

 

★  美國紐約時報  NY Times, 5 24, 2012

.” .....Some chronic abusers of human rights remained at the bottom of the department’s list: Iran, North Korea, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Syria, Belarus and China.

The report included tough words about Chinese rights practices, saying that conditions there had deteriorated. In 2008, the report dropped China from its list of the worst abusers. But the new report cites “repression and coercion” of rights advocates, tight restrictions on political dissidents, curbs on journalists and on Internet access, and “severe cultural and religious repression” of ethnic Uighurs and Tibetans.

The recent diplomatic incident involving the Chinese dissident Chen Guangcheng occurred after the time frame covered in the report. Still, Michael H. Posner, an assistant secretary of state, said that it demonstrated how the United States could criticize foreign nations for human rights shortcomings even while cooperating with them on economic or security issues. .....

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XinHua Net  新華社  5 25, 2012

The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China published a report titled "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2011" on Friday. Following is the full text:

The State Department of the United States released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011 on May 24, 2012. As in previous years, the reports are full of over-critical remarks on the human rights situation in nearly 200 countries and regions as well as distortions and accusations concerning the human rights cause in China. However, the United States turned a blind eye to its own woeful human rights situation and kept silent about it. The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2011 is hereby prepared to reveal the true human rights situation of the United States to people across the world and urge the United States to face up to its own doings.

I.

On life, property and personal security

The United States has mighty strength in human, financial and material resources to exert effective control over violent crimes. However, its society is chronically suffering from violent crimes, and its citizens' lives, properties and personal security are in lack of proper protection.

A report published by the US Department of Justice on Sept 15, 2011, revealed that in 2010 the US residents aged 12 and above experienced 3.8 million violent victimizations, 1.4 million serious violent victimizations, 14.8 million property victimizations and 138,000 personal thefts. The violent victimization rate was 15 victimizations per 1,000 residents (www.bjs.gov). The crime rate surged in many cities and regions in the United States. In the southern region of the United States, there were 452 violent crimes and 3,438.8 property crimes per 100,000 inhabitants (in 2010) on average (The Wall Street Journal, Sept 20, 2011). Just four weeks into 2011, San Francisco saw eight homicides - compared with five during the same time of the previous year, with Oakland racking up 11, when the previous year in the same period it had four (The San Francisco Chronicle, Jan 29, 2011). Grand larcenies in the subway in New York City increased from 852 in 2010 to 1,075 cases in the first nine months of 2011, a 25 percent jump (The China Press, Sept 24, 2011). Homicide cases in Detroit in 2011 saw a 13.5 percent rise over 2010 (www.buzzle.com). Between January and October 2011, a total of 123,924 serious crime cases took place in Chicago (portal.chicagopolice.org). An anti-bullying public service announcement declared in January 2011 that more than six million schoolchildren experienced bullying in the previous six months (CNN, Mar 10, 2011). According to statistics from the Family First Aid, almost 30 percent of teenagers in the United States are estimated to be involved in school bullying (www.familyfirstaid.org).

The United States prioritizes the right to keep and bear arms over the protection of citizens' lives and personal security and exercises lax firearm possession control, causing rampant gun ownership. The US people hold between 35 percent and 50 percent of the world' s civilian-owned guns, with every 100 people having 90 guns (Online edition of the Foreign Policy, Jan 9, 2011). According to a Gallup poll in October 2011, 47 percent of American adults reported that they had a gun. That was an increase of six percentage points from a year ago and the highest Gallup had recorded since 1993. Fifty-two percent of middle-aged adults, aged between 35 and 54, reported to own guns, and the adults' gun ownership in the south region was 54 percent (The China Press, Oct 28, 2011). The New York Times reported on Nov 14, 2011, that since 1995, more than 3,300 felons and people convicted of domestic violence misdemeanors had regained their gun rights in the state of Washington and of that number, more than 400 had subsequently committed new crimes, including shooting and other felonies (The New York Times, Nov 14, 2011).

The United States is the leader among the world's developed countries in gun violence and gun deaths. According to a report of the Foreign Policy on Jan 9, 2011, over 30,000 Americans die every year from gun violence and another 200,000 Americans are estimated to be injured each year due to guns (Online edition of the Foreign Policy, Jan 9, 2011). According to statistics released by the US Department of Justice, among the 480,760 robbery cases and 188,380 rape and sexual assault cases in 2010, the rates of victimization involving firearms were 29 percent and 7 percent, respectively (www.bjs.gov). On Jun 2, 2011, a shooting rampage in Arizona left six people dead and one injured (The China Press, Jun 3, 2011). In Chicago, more than 10 overnight shooting incidents took place just between the evening of Jun 3 and the morning of Jun 4 (Chicago Tribune, Jun 4, 2011). Another five overnight shootings occurred between Aug 12 evening and Aug 13 morning in Chicago. These incidents have caused a number of deaths and injuries (Chicago Tribune, Aug 13, 2011). Shooting spree cases involving one gunman shooting dead over five people also happened in the states of Michigan, Texas, Ohio, Nevada and Southern California (The New York Times, Oct 13, 2011; CNN, Jul 8, 2011; CBS, Jul 23, 2011;USA Today, Aug 9, 2011). High incidence of gun-related crimes has long ignited complaints of the US people and they stage multiple protests every year, demanding the government strictly control the private possession of arms. The US government, however, fails to pay due attention to this issue.

II.

On civil and political rights

In the United States, the violation of citizens' civil and political rights is severe. It is lying to itself when the United States calls itself the land of the free (The Washington Post, Jan 14, 2012).

Claiming to defend 99 percent of the US population against the wealthiest, the Occupy Wall Street protest movement tested the US political, economic and social systems. Ignited by severe social and economic inequality, uneven distribution of wealth and high unemployment, the movement expanded to sweep the United States after its inception in September 2011. Whatever the deep reasons for the movement are, the single fact that thousands of protesters were treated in a rude and violent way, with many of them being arrested - the act of willfully trampling on people' s freedom of assembly, demonstration and speech - could provide a glimpse to the truth of the so-called US freedom and democracy.

Almost 1,000 people were reportedly arrested in first two weeks of the movement, according to British and Australian media (The Guardian, Oct 2, 2011). The New York police arrested more than 700 protesters for alleged blocking traffic over Brooklyn Bridge on Oct 1, and some of them were handcuffed to the bridge before being shipped by police vehicles (uschinapress.com, Oct 3, 2011). On Oct 9, 92 people were arrested in New York (The New York Times, Oct 15, 2011). The Occupy Wall Street movement was forced out of its encampment at Zuccotti Park and more than 200 people were arrested on Nov 15 (The Guardian, Nov 25, 2011). Chicago police arrested around 300 members of the Occupy Chicago protest in two weeks (The Herald Sun, Oct 24, 2011). At least 85 people were arrested when police used teargas and baton rounds to break up an Occupy Wall Street camp in Oakland, California on Oct 25. An Iraq war veteran had a fractured skull and brain swelling after being allegedly hit in the head by a police projectile (The Guardian, Oct 26, 2011). A couple of hundred people were arrested when demonstrations were staged in different US cities to mark the Occupy Wall Street movement' s two-month anniversary on Nov 17 (USA Today, Nov 18, 2011). Among them, at least 276 were arrested in New York only. Some protesters were bloodied as they were hauled away. Many protesters accused the police of treating them in a brutal way (The Wall Street Journal, Nov 18, 2011). As a US opinion article put it, the United States could be considered, at least in part, authoritarian. (The Washington Post, Jan 14, 2012).

While advocating press freedom, the United States in fact imposes fairly strict censoring and control over the press and "press freedom" is just a political tool used to beautify itself and attack other nations. The US Congress failed to pass laws on protecting rights of reporters' news sources, according to media reports. An increasing number of American reporters lost jobs for "improper remarks on politics." US reporter Helen Thomas resigned for critical remarks about Israel in June 2010 ("Report: On the situation with human rights in a host of world states," the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Russia, Dec 28, 2011). While forcibly evacuating the Zuccotti Park, the original Occupy Wall Street encampment, the New York police blocked journalists from covering the police actions. They set cordon lines to prevent reporters from getting close to the park and closed airspace to make aerial photography impossible. In addition to using pepper spray against reporters, the police also arrested around 200 journalists, including reporters from NPR and the New York Times (uschinapress.com, Nov 15, 2011). By trampling on press freedom and public interests, these actions by the US authorities caused a global uproar. US mainstream media' s response to the Occupy Wall Street movement revealed the hypocrisy in handling issues of freedom and democracy. Poll by Pew Research Center indicated that in the second week of the movement, reports on the movement only accounted for 1.68 percent of the total media reports by nationwide media organizations. On Oct 15, 2011, when the Occupy Wall Street movement evolved to be a global action, CNN and Fox News gave no live reports on it, in a sharp contrast to the square protest in Cairo, for which both CNN and Fox News broadcast live 24 hours.

The US imposes fairly strict restriction on the Internet, and its approach "remains full of problems and contradictions." (The website of the Foreign Policy magazine, Feb 17, 2011) "Internet freedom" is just an excuse for the United States to impose diplomatic pressure and seek hegemony.

The US Patriot Act and Homeland Security Act both have clauses about monitoring the Internet, giving the government or law enforcement organizations power to monitor and block any Internet content "harmful to national security." Protecting Cyberspace as a National Asset Act of 2010 stipulates that the federal government has "absolute power" to shut down the Internet under a declared national emergency. According to a report by British newspaper the Guardian dated Mar 17, 2011, the US military is developing software that will let it secretly manipulate social media sites by using fake online personas, and will allow the US military to create a false consensus in online conversations, crowd out unwelcome opinions and smother commentaries or reports that do not correspond with its own objectives. The project aims to control and restrict free speech on the Internet (The Guardian, Mar 17, 2011). According to a commentary by the Voice of Russia on Feb 2, 2012, a subsidiary under the US government' s security agency employed several hundred analysts, who were tasked with monitoring private archives of foreign Internet users in a secret way, and were able to censor as many as five million microblogging posts. The US Department of Homeland Security routinely searched key words like "illegal immigrants," "virus," "death," and "burst out" on Twitter with fake accounts and then secretly traced the Internet users who forwarded related content. According to a report by the Globe and Mail on Jan 30, 2012, Leigh Van Bryan, a British, prior to his flight to the US, wrote in a Twitter post, "Free this week, for quick gossip/prep before I go and destroy America?" As a result, Bryan along with a friend were handcuffed and put in lockdown with suspected drug smugglers for 12 hours by armed guards after landing in Los Angeles International Airport, just like "terrorists". Among many angered by the incident in Britain, an Internet user posted a comment, "What's worse, being arrested for an innocent tweet, or the fact that the American Secret Service monitors every electronic message in the world?"

The US democracy is increasingly being influenced by capitalization and becoming a system for "master of money." Data issued by the US Center for Responsive Politics in November 2011 show that 46 percent of the US federal senators and members of the House of Representatives have personal assets of more than a million dollars. That well explains why US administration' s plans to impose higher tax on the rich who earn more than one million dollars annually have been blocked in the Congress (www.finance-ol.com). As a commentary put it, money has emerged as the electoral trump card in the US political system, and corporations have a Supreme Court-recognized right to use their considerable financial muscle to promote candidates and policies favorable to their business operations and to resist policies and shut out candidates deemed inimical to their business interests (Online edition of Time, Jan 20, 2011). According to a media report, nearly two thirds of all the contributions that the chairman of the House Financial Services Committee received during the 2010 election cycle came from industries regulated by his committee. A ranking Democrat Representative on the Agriculture Committee, who served as chairman between 2007 and 2010, saw a 711 percent increase in contributions from groups regulated by his committee and a 274 percent increase in contributions over all, in the same period (The New York Times, Nov 16, 2011). According to a Washington Post report on Aug 10, 2011, nearly eight in 10 of Americans polled were dissatisfied with the way the political system is working, with 45 percent saying they are very dissatisfied (The Washington Post, Aug 10, 2011).

The US continued to violate the freedom of its citizens in the name of boosting security levels (The Washington Post, Jan 14, 2012). The Electronic Frontier Foundation in 2011 released a report, "Patterns of Misconduct: FBI intelligence violations from 2001-2008," which reveals that domestic political intelligence apparatus spearheaded by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, continues to systematically violate the rights of American citizens and legal residents. The report shows that the actual number of violations that may have occurred from 2001 to 2008 could approach 40,000 possible violations of law, Executive Order, or other regulations governing intelligence investigations. The FBI issued some 200,000 requests and that almost 60 percent were for investigations of US citizens and legal residents (www.pacificfreepress.com). The New York Times reported on Oct 20, 2011, that the FBI has collected information about religious, ethnic and national-origin characteristics of American communities (The New York Times, Oct 20, 2011). According to a Washington Post commentary dated Jan 14, 2012, the US government can use "national security letters" to demand, without probable cause, that organizations turn over information on citizens' finances, communications and associations, and order searches of everything from business documents to library records. The US government can use GPS devices to monitor every move of targeted citizens without securing any court order or review (The Washington Post, Jan 14, 2012).

Abuse of power, brutal enforcement of law and overuse of force by US police have resulted in harassment and hurt to a large number of innocent citizens and have caused loss of freedom of some people or even deaths. According to a report carried by the World Journal on Jun 10, 2011, the past decade saw increasing stop-and-frisks by the New York police, which recorded an annual of 600,000 cases in 2010, almost double of that in 2004. In the first three months of 2011, some 180,000 people experienced stop-and-frisks, 88 percent of whom were innocent people (World Journal, Jun 10, 2011). In early July of 2011, two police officers beat a mentally ill homeless man to death in Orange County, Southern California (FoxNews.com, Sept 21, 2011). In August 2011, North Miami police shot and killed a man carrying realistic toy gun (The NY Daily News, Sept 1, 2011). On Jan 8, 2011, a Central California man was shot and killed by the police, who thought of him as a gang member only because the jacket he was wearing was red, "the chosen color of a local street gang." (www.kolotv.com, Jan 19, 2011) In May 2011, Arizona' s police officers raided the home of Jose Guerena and shot him dead in what was described as an investigation into alleged marijuana trafficking. However, the police later found nothing illegal in his home (The Huffington Post, May 25, 2011). Misjudged and wrongly-handled cases continued to occur. According to media reports, Anthony Graves, a Texas man, was imprisoned for 18 years for crimes he did not commit (CBS News, Jun 22, 2011). Forty-six-year-old Thomas Haynesworth spent 27 years in prison after being arrested at the age of 18 for crimes he didn't commit (Union Press International, Dec 7, 2011). Eric Caine, who was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment after being tortured by police into confessing to two murders, spent nearly 25 years behind bars.(Chicago Tribune, Jun 13, 2011).

The US lacks basic due lawsuit process protections, and its government continues to claim the right to strip citizens of legal protections based on its sole discretion (The Washington Post, Jan 14, 2012). The National Defense Authorization Act, signed Dec 31, 2011, allows for the indefinite detention of citizens (The Washington Post, Jan 14, 2012). The Act will place domestic terror investigations and interrogations into the hands of the military and which would open the door for trial-free, indefinite detention of anyone, including American citizens, so long as the government calls them terrorists (www.forbes.com, Dec 5, 2011).

The US remains the country with the largest "prison population" and the highest per capita level of imprisonment in the world, and the detention centers' conditions are terrible. According to the US Department of Justice, the number of prisoners amounted to 2.3 million in 2009 and one in every 132 American citizens is behind bars. Meanwhile, more than 140,000 are serving life sentences (Report: On the situation with human rights in a host of world states, the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Russia, Dec 28, 2011). According to a Los Angeles Times report on May 24, 2011, in a California prison, as many as 54 inmates may share a single toilet and as many as 200 prisoners may live in a gymnasium (Los Angeles Times, May 24, 2011). According to data issued by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the estimated number of prison and jail inmates experiencing sexual victimization totaled 88,500 in the US between October 2008 and December 2009 (www.bjs.gov). Since April 2011, officials stopped serving lunch on the weekend in some US prisons as a way to cut food-service costs. About 23,000 inmates in 36 prisons are eating two meals a day on Saturdays and Sundays instead of three (The New York Times, Oct 20, 2011). Harsh conditions and treatment in prisons have caused recurring protests and suicides of inmates. There were two major hunger strikes in California prisons staged by a total of more than 6,000 and 12,000 prisoners in July and October 2011, respectively, to protest against what they call harsh treatment and detention conditions (CNN, Oct 4, 2011; The New York Times, July 7, 2011). According to a Chicago Tribune report on July 20, 2011, since 2000, at least 175 youths have attempted to kill themselves inside Department of Juvenile Justice lockup facilities in Chicago and seven youths committed suicide. The UN Special Rapporteur on Torture in a 2011 report noted that in the US, an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 individuals are being held in isolation, and the US government in 2011 for twice turned down the Special Rapporteur's request for a private and unmonitored meeting with detainees held in isolation.

 

 

III.

On economic, social and cultural rights

The United States is the world's richest country, but quite a lot of Americans still lack guarantee for their economic, social and cultural rights, which are necessary for personal dignity and self-development.

The United States has not done enough to protect its citizens from unemployment. At no time in the last 60 years had the country's long-term unemployment been so high for so long as it was in 2011. It has been one of the Western developed countries that provide the poorest protection of laborer's rights. It has not approved any international labor organization convention in the last 10 years. Moreover, the US lacks an effective arbitration system to deal with enterprises that refuse to compromise with employees. The New York Times reported on Dec 12, 2011, that at last count, 13.3 million people were officially unemployed and that 5.7 million of them had been out of work for more than six months (The New York Times, Dec 12, 2011). The unemployment rate was 8.9 percent for 2011 (www.bls.gov), and the unemployment rate for American youths between 25 and 34 stood at 26 percent in October of that year (The World Journal, Nov 18, 2011), with more underemployed. A total of 84 metropolitan areas reported jobless rates of at least 10.0 percent, and El Centro, California, recorded the highest unemployment rate of 29.6 percent in September of 2011 (www.bls.gov). The unemployed people suffered from not only financial pressures but also mental pressures including anxiety and depression.

There is a widening of the gap between the extreme top and bottom (The USA Today, Sept 13, 2011), showing apparent unfair wealth distribution. The United States claims to have a large population of middle class, making up 80 percent of its total population, while there is only very few impoverished and extremely rich people (The China Press, Oct 13, 2011). However, this is not the truth. According to the report issued by the US Congressional Budget Office (CBO) on Oct 25, 2011, the richest one percent of American families have the fastest growth of family revenue from 1979 to 2007 with an increase of 275 percent for after-tax income, while the after-tax income of the poorest 20 percent grew by only 18 percent (The World Journal, Oct 26, 2011). Cable News Network reported on Feb 16, 2011, that in the last 20 years, incomes for 90 percent of Americans have been stuck in neutral, while the richest 1 percent of Americans have seen their incomes grow by 33 percent. Economic Policy Institute published a paper on Oct 26, 2011, saying that in 2009 the ratio of wealth owned by the wealthiest one percent to the wealth owned by median households was 225 to 1 (www.epi.org). Besides, in the United States, the best-off 10 percent made on average 15 times the incomes of the poorest 10 percent (Reuters, Dec 9, 2011). The wealthiest 400 Americans have $1.5 trillion in assets (The China Press, Oct 13, 2011), or the same combined wealth as the poorest half of Americans - more than 150 million people (www.currydemocrats.org). The annual incomes of the richest 10 chief executive officers (CEO) were enough to pay the salary of 18,330 employees (The World Journal, Oct 16, 2011). Roughly 11 percent of Congress members had net worth of more than $9 million, and 249 members were millionaires. The median net worth: $891,506, was almost nine times the typical household (The USA Today, Nov 16, 2011). A commentary by the Spiegel said that the US has developed into an economic entity of "winners take all". American politician Larry Bartels said that fundamental shifts in wealth allocation was caused by political decisions rather than the consequences of market forces or financial crisis (The Spiegel, Oct 24, 2011).

Contrary to the wealthiest 10 percent, the number of Americans living in poverty as well as the poverty rate continued to hit record highs, which is a great irony in affluent America. A report published by the Census Bureau on Sept 13, 2011, showed that 46.2 million people lived below the official poverty line in 2010, 2.6 million more than 2009, hitting the highest record since 1959. The report also said that the percentage of American who lived below the poverty line in 2010 was 15.1 percent, the highest level since 1993. An analysis done by the Brookings Institution estimated that at the current rate, the recession would have added nearly 10 million people to the ranks of the poor by the middle of the decade. According to the analysis, 22 percent of children were in poverty (The New York Times, Sept 13, 2011). Another survey showed that 12 states of the US had poverty rates above 17 percent, with Mississippi's poverty rate standing at 22.4 percent (The Huffington Post, Oct 21, 2011). The US has grown into a country dependent on food stamps (Reuters, Aug 22, 2011). The percentage of Americans who did not have enough money to buy food grew from 9 percent in 2008 to 19 percent in 2011 (The World Journal, Oct 15, 2011). In 2010, 17.2 million households, or 14.5 percent, were food insecure (www. Worldhunger. org). In 2011, 46 million Americans lived on food stamps, about 15 percent of the total population, up 74 percent from 2007 (Reuters, Aug 22, 2011).

Millions of homeless people wandered around streets. Reports said that about 2.3 million to 3.5 million Americans did not have a place that they call home to sleep in the night (www.homelessnessinamerica.com). Between 2007 and 2010, the number of homeless families grew by 20 percent (The Huffington Post, Aug 26, 2011). Over the past five years, the percentage of singles arriving at shelters after living with family or elsewhere in the community has jumped from 39 percent to 66 percent (The USA Today, Dec 9, 2011). There was an all-time record of more than 41,000 homeless people in New York City, including 17,000 homeless children (www.coalitionforthehomeless.org). On any given night in Santa Clara County, California, 7,045 people were homeless according to a 2011 Santa Clara County Homeless Census and Survey (www.santaclaraweekly.com). And advocates estimated that Chicago had up to 3,000 homeless youths in need of shelter on any given night (www.chicagonewscoop.org).

The US declared it has the best healthcare service in the world, but quite a lot of Americans could not enjoy due medication and healthcare. The Cable News Network reported on Sept 13, 2011, that the number of people who lacked health insurance in 2010 climbed to 49.9 million (Cable News Network, Sept 13, 2011). Bloomberg reported on March 16, 2011, that 9 million Americans have lost health insurance during the past two years. An additional 73 million adults had difficulties paying for healthcare and 75 million deferred treatment because they could not afford it (Bloomberg, March 16, 2011).

Death and infection risks caused by AIDS grew. Since the first American patient was diagnosed with AIDS in 1981, 600,000 people have died from the disease in the US By the end of 2008, 1,178,350 Americans had been infected with AIDS (The China Press, June 3, 2011). AFP reported that nearly three quarters of Americans with HIV do not have their infection under control and one in five people with human immunodeficiency virus are unaware that they have the disease. Among people who know their HIV status is positive, only 51 percent get ongoing medical treatment (AFP, Nov 29, 2011). Statistics given by the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention showed that, in the last 10 years, death caused by prescription drugs in America had doubled and that one would die from taking prescription drug every 14 minutes. Prescription drug overdose caused 37,485 deaths in 2009, exceeding traffic fatalities (The China Press, Sept 19, 2011).

The US government has significantly cut the expense on education, reduced teaching staff, and shortened school hours with tuition fees soaring. The guarantee for teenagers' rights to education is weakening. The New York Times reported on Oct 3, 2011, that since 2007, school budgets in New York city have been cut by 13.7 percent every year on average. Since 2008, 294,000 posts in the American education industry, including schools of higher education, have been cut (The China Press, Oct 25, 2011). Four-day per week classes have been practiced in 292 school districts, which was only put into use during the financial crisis in the 1930s and the oil crisis in the 1970s (The World Journal, Oct 30, 2011). A report by College Board showed that the average tuition fee of American four-year public universities in the school year of 2011 through 2012 was $8,244, $631 more than the last school year, up 8.3 percent (The China Press, Oct 27, 2011). About 3,000 people gathered on Sproul Plaza to protest tuition increases at Berkeley on Nov 9, 2011 (The New York Times, Nov 13, 2011). Reuters reported that two-thirds of undergraduate students would graduate with student loans about $25,000 on average owing to expensive college tuition (Reuters, Feb 1, 2011).

Native American culture in the United States has long been suppressed. The country assimilated the Native American culture through legislation and mainstream culture. At the end of the 19th century, the United States carried out "white man's education" and implemented compulsory English-only education. Most of the people who now speak Native American languages are the seniors living in reservations. It is estimated that only five percent of Native Americans will speak their own languages 50 years later if there are no measures from the US government.

The financial crisis was far from being the sole reason for the inadequate guarantee of Americans' economic, social and cultural rights. So far, the US has not approved the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The above problems concerning human rights are the reflection of the US ideology and political system that ignore people's economic, social and cultural rights.

IV.

On racial discrimination

Ethnic minorities in the United States have long been suffering systemic, widespread and institutional discrimination. And racial discrimination has become an indelible characteristic and symbol of American values.

Ethnic minorities have low political, economic and social positions due to discrimination. The number of ethnic people in civil service is not proportional to their population. New York Times reported on June 23, 2011, that the number of Asian Americans in New York City has topped one million, nearly 1 in 8 New Yorkers, but only one Asian-American serves in the State Legislature, two on the City Council and one in a citywide post of the New York City. According to the annual report released by the National Urban League of the US, African-Americans' 2011 Equality Index is currently 71.5 percent, compared to 2010's 72.1 percent, among which the economic equality index declined from 57.9 percent to 56.9 percent, and the health index, from 76.6 percent to 75 percent, and the index in the area of social justice, from 57.9 percent to 56.9 percent.

Ethnic Americans are badly discriminated against when it comes to employment. It was reported that the unemployment rate of Hispanics rose to 11 percent in 2010 from 5.7 percent in 2007 (The New York Times, Sept 28, 2011). The unemployment rate of African Americans was 16.2 percent. For black males, it's at 17.5 percent; and for black youth, it's nearly 41 percent, 4.5 times the national average unemployment rate (CBS News, June 19, 2011). Nationally, black joblessness stands at 21 percent, rising to as high as 40 percent in major urban centers such as Detroit (The Wall Street Journal, Aug 31, 2011). In Ziebach County of South Dakota, a community mainly composed of Native Americans, more than 60 percent of the residents live at or below the poverty line, and unemployment rate hits 90 percent in the winter (The Daily Mail, Feb 15, 2011). A study shows that of the seven occupations with the highest salaries, six are overrepresented by whites (Washington Post, Oct 21, 2011).

The poverty rate of African Americans doubles that of whites, and the ethnic minority groups suffer severe social inequalities. According to a report by the Pew Research Center released in June 2011, the median wealth of white households is 20 times that of black households and 18 times that of Hispanic households (pewresearch.org). In 2010, poverty among blacks rose to 27.4 percent, and poverty among Hispanics increased to 26.6 percent, much higher than the 9.9-percent poverty rate among whites (www.census.gov). A Pew Research Center report says the lopsided wealth ratios among whites, Hispanics and African-Americans in 2009 were the largest in the past 25 years (pewresearch.org). According to an investigation done by the Washington-based Bread for the World, "black children are suffering from poverty at a rate of nearly 40 percent, and over a quarter of Blacks reported going hungry in 2010". "The figures are both startling and very telling," said Rev Derrick Boykin (www.amsterdam.com).

Ethnic minorities are denied equal education opportunities, and ethnic minority kids are discriminated against and bullied in schools. According to a report by the US Census Bureau on June 8, 2011, in 2008, among 18-to 24-year-olds, 22 percent were not enrolled in high schools for Hispanics, 13 percent for African-Americans, whereas only 6 percent for whites (www.census.gov). US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said on Oct 28, 2011, one-third of American students are bullied at schools, and Asian-American children bear the brunt. The teases and insults they get in cyber space are three times more compared with kids from other ethnic groups. A research finds 54 percent of Asian-American students have been bullied in schools, 38.4 percent for African-Americans and 34.3 percent for Hispanics (World Journal Oct 29, 2011).

Ethnic minorities and non-Christians are also badly discriminated against in fields such as law enforcement, justice and religion, rendering the so-claimed ethnic equality and religious freedom nothing but self-glorifying forged labels. A New York Times story (Dec 17, 2011) says the New York Police Department recorded more than 600,000 stops in 2010 and 84 percent of those stopped were blacks or Latinos. It was reported that black non-Hispanic males are incarcerated at a rate more than six times that of white non-Hispanic males (World Report 2011: United States, www.hrw.org). On Dec 1, 2011, the American Civil Liberties Union said that "the FBI is using its extensive community outreach to Muslims and other groups to secretly gather intelligence in violation of federal law". (Washington Post, Dec 2, 2011) A survey by Pew Research Center finds that 52 percent of Muslim-Americans surveyed said their group is under government's surveillance, about 28 percent said they had been treated or viewed with suspicion and 21 percent said they were singled out by airport security (articles.boston.com). More than half of Muslim-Americans in another poll said government anti-terrorism policies singled them out for increased surveillance and monitoring, and many reported increased cases of name-calling, threats and harassment by airport security, law enforcement officers and others (Washington Times, Aug 30, 2011).

Illegal immigrants also live under legal and systematic discrimination. It was reported that after Arizona passed its anti-illegal immigration bill, Alabama began implementing its immigration law on Sept 28, 2011. The Alabama immigration law provides differentiated treatments to illegal immigrants in each of its term, rendering their daily lives rather difficult. Critics argued that the law runs counter to the US Constitution and to certain terms in relevant international human rights law regarding granting equal protections to illegal immigrants (www.hrw.org). The New York Times reported on May 13, 2011, that Georgia passed an anti-illegal immigration law which outlaws illegal immigrants working in the state and empowers local police officers to question certain suspects about their immigration status. Illegal immigrants suffer ferocious mistreatments. Internal reports from the Office of Detention Oversight of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) revealed grave problems in many US detention facilities for immigrants, including lack of medical care, the use of excessive force and "abusive treatment" of detainees (The Houston Chronicle, Oct 10, 2011). A report released on Sept 21, 2011, by an Arizona-based non-profit organization revealed that thousands of illegal immigrants detained across the border between Mexico and Arizona are generally mistreated by US border police, being denied enough food, water, medical care and sleep, even beaten up and confined in extreme coldness or heat, suffering both psychological abuse and threats of death (The World Journal, Sept 24, 2011).

Native Americans are denied their due rights. From January to February 2011, UN Special Rapporteur James Anaya lodged two accusations against the United States, including accusing the Arizona State government of approving the use of recycled wastewater for commercial ski operations on the San Francisco Peaks, a site considered sacred by several Native American tribes (www.forgottennavajopeople.org), as well as the case of imprisoned indigenous activist Leonard Peltier. Peltier was sentenced to life in prison in 1977 for the alleged murder of two FBI agents. However, Peltier has been claiming he is innocent and persecuted by the US government for participating in the American Indian Movement (www.ohchr.org). On April 26, 2011, Farida Shaheed, independent expert in the field of cultural rights, Heiner Bielefeldt, special rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, and James Anaya, special rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples, of the UN Human Rights Council, jointly lodged accusations against the US, claiming that the city of Vallejo, California, is planning to level and pave over the Sogorea Te, held sacred to indigenous people in northern California, in order to construct a parking lot and public restrooms (www.treatycouncil.org).

Race-motivated hate crimes occur frequently. According to an FBI report, 6,628 hate crime incidents were reported in 2010, 2,201 of which were against African-Americans, 534 against Hispanics and 575 against whites. And 47.3 percent of all were motivated by racial bias, 20 percent by religion and 12.8 percent by an ethnicity/national origin bias (ww.fbi.gov). According to a report released by the Center for American Progress in August 2011, seven American charitable groups, over the past decade, had spent 42.6 million US dollars on inciting hatred against Muslim communities (The New York Times, Nov 13, 2011). There are three active white supremacy groups in the city of San Francisco, which focus on attacking ethnic minorities and immigrants (www.abclocal.go.com). On Nov 10, 2010, two Mexican nationals were beaten by a group of whites who were members of these organizations (www.sfappeal.com). According to an investigation, black men aged 15 to 29 years old were most likely to be victims of murders. In New York City, they make up less than 3 percent of the city's population but in 2010 represented 33 percent of all homicide victims (The Wall Street Journal, March 9, 2011).

The sufferings of civil rights activists who oppose racial discriminations arouse attention. The Huffington Post reported on May 31, 2011, Catrina Wallace, a civil rights activist in Jena, Louisiana, was sentenced to 15 years in prison by authorities only based on a drug dealer's accusation. Previously, Wallace had taken part in organizing a 50,000-people protest against racial discrimination that won freedom for six black high school students. The article deemed the sentence was revenge taken by authorities on Wallace's human rights activism. "I am a freedom fighter," she says. "I fight for people's rights."

 

 

V.

On the rights of women and children

To date, the US has ratified neither the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, nor the Convention on the Rights of the Child. As the US neglects the rights of women and children, their situation deteriorates.

Gender discrimination against women widely exists in the US. According to statistics, women are not fully represented in governments at all levels in the US, as women hold only 17 percent of the seats in Congress (www.wcffoundation.org). Women doing the same work as men often get less payment in the US, and the wage gap has narrowed by only 18 cents in the past half century (www.thedailybeast.com). According to a report released by the American Civil Liberties Union, in 2009, women working full-time, year-round were paid 77 cents on average for every dollar paid to men (www.aclu.org). Women in the US widely suffer discrimination in terms of employment, promotion and work. A new study confirms that American tech companies are woefully behind in including women among their board members and highest-paid executives. On average, fewer than one in 28 of the highest-paid tech executives is a woman. At California's biggest public companies, only about 10 percent of the board members and top executives are women (The New York Times, Dec 9, 2011).

The poverty rate among American women reached a record high. According to data from the US Census Bureau, over 17 million women lived in poverty in 2010, including more than 7.5 million in extreme poverty and 4.7 million single mothers in poverty. The poverty rate among women climbed to 14.5 percent in 2010 from 13.9 percent in 2009, the highest in 17 years; the extreme poverty rate among women climbed to 6.3 percent in 2010 from 5.9 percent in 2009, the highest rate ever recorded (www.merchantcircle.com). According to a report of the Associated Press on April 12, 2011, a single mother named Lashanda Armstrong drove her four kids in a minivan into the Hudson river in Newburgh, New York, due to the unbearable burden of raising the kids. Only her 10-year-old boy survived.

Women in the US often experience discrimination, violence and sexual assault. Ethnic minority women face discrimination during pregnancy. According to a report provided by the LAMB (The Los Angeles Mommy and Baby Project), 32.4 percent of Asian-American mothers felt discriminated against during pregnancy, second only to African-American mothers among whom the ratio amounts to 47.9 percent, while the ratio among Latin American mothers is 31.1 percent (The China Press, June 1, 2011). According to statistics from the website of the Los Angeles Police Department, more than 2 million American women are victims of domestic violence annually. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey shows nearly one in five women has been raped in her lifetime, and one in four has experienced serious physical violence from an intimate partner at some point in her life (Los Angeles Times, December 14, 2011). Throughout the military, sexual assault affects about 19 percent of female troops but most of them choose to keep silent, according to a survey of sexual assault conducted by the US military (www.csmonitor.com). From March to October in 2011, a string of 20 sexual assaults happened in Bay Ridge, Sunset Park and Park Slope and the victims were all young women (The New York Times, Oct 19, 2011). Reports say many of the 1 million women in prison in the US experienced harsh treatment and even had their arms and legs chained when they were giving birth (www.globalissues.org).

The poverty rate for children in the US reached a record high. According to the report released by the US Census Bureau, more than 1 million children were added to the poverty population between 2009 and 2010, making the total number of children living below the poverty line reach more than 15 million, the greatest since 2001. The poverty rate for children in 2010 climbed to 21.6 percent in 2010 from 20 percent in 2009, with 653 counties seeing a significant increase in poverty rate for children aged 5 to 17 and about one-third of counties having school-age poverty rates above the national poverty rate (www.census.gov). The Daily Mail reported on Aug 17, 2011, that child poverty increased in 38 states from 2000 to 2009 and Mississippi is the state with the highest level of 31 percent. The US Census Bureau said that children living in poverty, especially small children, are more likely to develop cognitive and behavioral difficulties and may have a shorter education time and a longer time being unemployed when they grow up (The China Press, Nov 21, 2011).

The number of homeless children has surged. In 2010, 1.6 million children in the US were living on the street, in homeless shelters or motels, up 33 percent from that in 2007, according to the National Center on Family Homelessness (USA Today, Dec 15, 2011). According to the Education Department of New York, there are 53,503 homeless students and children of 3 to 21 years old in New York, and the Homeless Service Department's count also shows an average of 6,902 children of 6 to 17 years old a month are homeless in the city (The New York Times, Nov 14, 2011). Nearly 17,000 children slept in the municipal shelters in New York on Halloween night in 2011. From May 2011 to November 2011, children in shelters rose 10 percent (The Wall Street Journal, Nov 9, 2011).

Children are severely exposed to violence and pornography. BBC reported on Oct 17, 2011, that over the past 10 years, more than 20,000 American children were believed to have been killed by their family members. More than 1 million children are confirmed each year as victims of child abuse (www.preventchildabuse.org), and one in every two families in the US is involved in domestic violence at some time (www. reverepolice.org). The Wall Street Journal reported on Nov 14, 2011, that roughly 120,000 calls were made to the state hotline for child abuse calls administrated by the state Department of Public Welfare in Pennsylvania, but only about 24,000 cases were investigated. A 13-year-old boy named Christian Choate was allegedly beaten to death in 2009 by his father. The report said prosecutors had alleged that the boy endured beating daily and was kept locked in a 3-foot-high dog cage, where he had little to eat and often soiled himself (Chicago Tribune, June 24, 2011). Campus violence and cyber bullying are growing more malicious in the US. According to a report of the US News & World Report on June 3, 2011, at least 40 percent of high school students have been bullied by cyber bullies (www.usnews.com). The Women's eNews reported on May 23 last year, the sex-trafficking problem is acute in the state of Georgia, with an estimated 250 to 300 underage teens and girls being sexually exploited each month there (womensenews. org). According to a report published by Stanford University, the number of reports of sexual assaults received in its campus in 2010 rose by 75 percent over that in 2009 (CBS, Sept 30, 2011).

Infant mortality rate remains high in the US. According to a report of The New York Times on Oct 15, 2011, the infant mortality rate in the US is 6.7 deaths per 1,000 live births. The rate among African-Americans is 13.3 deaths per thousand, while the rates among whites, Hispanics and Asian-Americans are respectively 5.6, 5.5 and 4.8 per thousand. In Pittsburgh, the infant mortality rate for black residents of Allegheny County was 20.7 per thousand in 2009, while the rate among whites in the county was only 4 per thousand in the same period. Nationally, black babies are more than twice as likely as white babies to die before the age of 1.

VI.

On US violations of human rights against other nations

The US has been pursuing hegemony in the world, grossly trampling upon the sovereignty of other countries and capriciously violating human rights against other nations. It "appears more and more to be contributing to international disorder" (After the Empire: The Breakdown of the American Order, by Emmanuel Todd).

The revelation of the history of human experiments conducted in the US is yet another scandal sparking public outcry around the world after the prisoner abuse scandal. The British newspaper The Telegraph reported on Aug 30, 2011, that from 1946-1948, a US government-paid medical experiment program had made nearly 5,500 people in Guatemala subjected to diagnostic testing, and the researchers deliberately exposed more than 1,300 people, including soldiers, prostitutes, prisoners and mental patients, to syphilis and other venereal diseases. Seven women with epilepsy were injected with syphilis below the back of the skull, and a female syphilis patient with a terminal illness was infected with gonorrhea in her eyes and elsewhere. These experiments had caused over 80 deaths. An article on a US-based journalistic website said that "these revelations are only the latest in an ongoing series of scandals regarding government illegal and unethical experimentation" and that "there are plenty of other underreported and important stories out there on the terrible scandal that has been US illegal experimentation. "The article said that the list of such illegal experiments is quite long, including government radiation experiments, human mind control (also known as MKULTRA) experiments and the CIA and DoD (Department of Defense) experiments on "enemy combatants" in the "war on terror" (Pubrecord.org). Newspaper The Hindu reported on Aug 30, 2011, that in 1932, the US public health service agency started a study of untreated syphilis in the human body in Alabama. The researchers told the subjects that they were being treated for some ailments, and nearly 400 African-American men were infected with syphilis without informed consent. In fact, the men infected did not receive proper treatment needed. The study lasted until 1972 after media disclosures. Austrian national TV commented that this was a disgraceful event in the US history and a dark period in US medical ethics.

The US-led wars, albeit alleged to be "humanitarian intervention" efforts and for "the rise of a new democratic nation", created humanitarian disasters instead. For Iraqis, the death toll in the US-initiated Iraq war stands at 655,000 (Tribune Business News, Dec 15, 2011). According to figures released by the Iraq Body Count, at least 103,536 civilians were killed in the Iraq war (Reuters, Dec 18, 2011). In 2011, there were an average of 6.5 deaths per day from suicide attacks and vehicle bombs (www.iraqbodycount.org). It is estimated that civilian casualties in the military campaign in Afghanistan could exceed 31,000 (Tribune Business News, Oct 17, 2011). According to a news report, on May 28, 2011, a US-led NATO airstrike killed 14 civilians and wounded six others in the southern region of Afghanistan (The New York Times, May 29, 2011). Separately, on May 25, a total of 18 Afghan civilians and 20 police were killed in a NATO airstrike in the province of Nuristan (BBC News, May 29, 2011). The British newspaper The Guardian reported on March 11, 2012, that an American soldier stationed in Afghanistan burst into three civilian homes in two villages in the small hours of March 11, shot dead 16 sleeping Afghan villagers, injured five others and burned the dead bodies. The victims included nine children and three women. According to a Reuters report, witness accounts said there were several US soldiers involved (Reuters, March 11, 2012). Another Deutsche Presse-Agentur report quoted a member of the Afghan parliamentary investigative team as saying that there were 15 to 20 soldiers who had conducted the night raid operation in several areas in the village. The source also told DPA that some of the Afghan women who were killed were sexually assaulted, according to the findings (DPA, March 18, 2012). Such "American-style massacre" against innocent civilians has once again pierced the veil of the US proclaiming itself "a country under the rule of law" and "a human rights defender." Incomplete statistics revealed that the US has launched more than 60 drone attacks in Pakistan in 2011, killing at least 378 people (USA Today, Jan 11, 2012; Newamerica.net). The number of civilian deaths in Afghanistan increased 15 percent in the first half of 2011 over the same period of 2010 (The New York Times, Aug 6, 2011). According to media reports, on the night of Feb 20, 2012, some American soldiers of the NATO troops at the Bagram air base in Afghanistan transported copies of Koran and other religious books to a rubbish pit and burned them (BBC News, Feb 23, 2012). The acts of desecration of the Quran have sparked strong protests and large-scale demonstration activities among the people across Afghanistan as well as in the countries of Pakistan and Bengal (www.pakistantoday.com.pk; www.firstpost.com).

The US does not support the right to development, which is a concern of most of the developing countries. In September 2011, the 18th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council adopted a resolution on "the right to development." Except for an abstention vote from the US, all the HRC members voted for the resolution.

The US continues its conduct that seriously violates the right of subsistence and right of development of Cuban people. On Oct 26, 2011, the 66th session of the UN General Assembly overwhelmingly adopted a resolution titled "Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba," the 20th such resolution in a row. A total of 186 countries voted in favor of the resolution, three countries abstained, and only the US and Israel voted against the resolution. The resolution urged the US to repeal or invalidate the almost 50-year-long economic, commercial and financial embargo against Cuba as soon as possible (www.un.org). The US, however, continues to defy the resolution. The blockade imposed by the US against Cuba qualifies as an act of genocide under Article II of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, which was adopted in 1948.

The above-mentioned facts are but a small yet illustrative enough fraction of the US' dismal record on its human rights situation. The US' own tarnished human rights record has made it in no condition, on a moral, political or legal basis, to act as the world's "human rights justice," to place itself above other countries and release the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices year after year to accuse and blame other countries. We hereby advise the US government once again to look squarely at its own grave human rights problems, to stop the unpopular practices of taking human rights as a political instrument for interference in other countries' internal affairs, smearing other nations' images and seeking its own strategic interests, and to cease using double standards on human rights and pursuing hegemony under the pretext of human rights.

(China Daily 05/26/2012 page4)

 美 國 抨 擊 中 國 人 權

文件: "USA Country Reports on Human Rights practices",
美國國務院發表, April 19, 2013

 
中 國 抨 擊 美 國 人 權

文件:  "China’s annual report on Washington’s human rights record",
中國國務院新聞辦公室(
China's Information Office of the State Council, or cabinet)公布於 April 20, 2013

The U.S. State Department has released its "Country Reports On Human Rights Practices" for 2012, highlighting crackdowns on civil society, struggles for democratic change, and threats to freedom of expression.

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry presented the reports to the media in Washington on April 19.

The document states that “governments continued to repress or attack the means by which individuals can organize, assemble, or demand better performance from their rulers.”

It criticizes countries such as Iran and China for repressing civil liberties and cites Russia for adopting "a series of measures that curtailed the activities of [nongovernmental organizations]," particularly those receiving international funding.

full text pls click:

http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm#wrapper

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

( Xinhua)

BEIJING -- The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China published a report titled "Human Rights Record of the United States in 2012" on Sunday.

Following is the full text:

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2012

State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China

Foreword

The State Department of the United States recently released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, posing as "the world judge of human rights" again. As in previous years, the reports are full of carping and irresponsible remarks on the human rights situation in more than 190 countries and regions including China. However, the US turned a blind eye to its own woeful human rights situation and never said a word about it. Facts show that there are serious human rights problems in the US which incur extensive criticism in the world. The Human Rights Record of the US in 2012 is hereby prepared to reveal the true human rights situation of the US to people across the world by simply laying down some facts.

The human rights situation in the US in 2012 has deeply impressed people in the following aspects:

-- Firearms-related crimes posed serious threat to the lives and personal security of citizens in the US Some shootings left astonishing casualties, such as the school shooting in Oakland, the Century 16 theater shooting in Colorado and the school shooting in Connecticut.

-- In the US, elections could not fully embody the real will of its citizens. Political contributions had, to a great extent, influenced the electoral procedures and policy direction. During the 2012 presidential election, the voter turnout was only 57.5 percent.

-- In the US, citizens' civil and political rights were further restricted by the government. The government expanded the scope of eavesdropping and censoring on personal telecommunications. The police often abused their power, resulting in increasing complaints and charges for infringement upon civil rights. The proportion of women in the US who fell victims of domestic violence and sexual assault kept increasing.

-- The US has become one of the developed countries with the greatest income gap. In 2011, the Gini index was 0.477 in the US and about 9 million people were registered as unemployed; About 16.4 million children lived in poverty and, for the first time in history, public schools reported more than one million homeless children and youth.

-- There was serious sex, racial and religious discrimination in the US Indigenous people suffered serious racial discrimination and their poverty rate doubled the national average. A movie produced by a US director and aired online was deemed insulting to the Prophet Mohammed, sparking protests by the Muslims worldwide.

-- The US seriously infringed upon human rights of other nations. In 2012, US military operations in Yemen, Afghanistan and Pakistan caused massive civilian casualties. US soldiers had also severely blasphemed against local residents' religion by burning copies of the Muslim holy book, the Koran, and insulting bodies of the dead. There was a huge rise in birth defects in Iraq since the war against Iraq with military actions in which American forces used metal contaminant-releasing white phosphorus shells and depleted uranium bombs.

-- The US was not able to effectively participate in international cooperation on human rights. To date, the US remains a country which has not participated in or ratified a series of core UN conventions on human rights, such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

I. On Life and Personal Security

The US was haunted by serious violent crimes in 2012 with frequent occurrence of firearms-related criminal cases. Its people's lives and personal security were not duly protected.

According to statistics released by the FBI in September 2012, an estimated 1,203,564 violent crimes occurred in the US in 2011, about 386.3 violent crimes per 100,000 inhabitants. Aggravated assaults accounted for 62.4 percent of violent crimes reported to law enforcement. Robbery reached 29.4 percent of violent crimes, forcible rape accounted for 6.9 percent, and murder amounted to 1.2 percent of estimated violent crimes in 2011. And firearms were used in 67.7 percent of the nation' s murders, 41.3 percent of robberies, and 21.2 percent in all crimes in the US

Americans are the most heavily armed people in the world per capita. According to a CNN report on July 23, 2012, there were an estimated 270 million guns in the hands of civilians in the US and more than 100,000 people were shot by guns each year. In 2010, there were more than 30,000 deaths caused by firearms. However, the US government has done little in gun control. In 2008 and 2010 landmark Supreme Court rulings on two firearms-related cases dramatically diminished the authority of state and local governments to limit gun ownership. Roughly half of the 50 US states have adopted laws allowing gun owners to carry their guns openly in most public places. And many states have 'stand your ground' laws that allow people to kill if they come under threat, even, in some cases, if they can escape the threat without violence. According to an article on the website of the Hindu on August 7, 2012, in population-adjusted terms, civilians in some parts of the US are more likely to become the victim of a firearms-related murder than their counterparts in war-torn regions like Iraq or Afghanistan. On January 16, 2013, the US president announced 23 steps on gun control to take immediately without congressional approval. And the president signed three of the measures. But the public opinion generally believes that the gun-control measures will encounter great resistance.

According to a report on the USA Today's website on October 17, 2012, the violent crime rate went up 17 percent in 2011. Firearms-related violent crimes posed as one of the most serious threats to the lives and personal security of the US citizens. Statistics showed that an estimated 14,612 people fell victims of murder in 2011 and 9,903 of them were firearms-related murder victims (Website of the Congressional Research service, www.fas.org, November 14, 2012). The US witnessed more firearms-related violent crimes in 2012. According to NYPD statistics published on September 2, 2012, there had been 1,001 shootings so far that year in New York, about 3.4 percent more than the 968 reported at the same time the previous year (NY Daily News, September 9, 2012). According to statistics from the website of Chicago Police Department, there were 2,460 shooting incidents in Chicago in 2012, up 10 percent year on year. Some of the shootings were quite bloody and terrifying, such as the movie theater shooting in Colorado and the school shooting in Connecticut.

On July 20, 2012, James E. Holmes, 24, entered a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, carrying an AR-15 rifle, a 12-gauge shotgun and at least one handgun. He sprayed people at the theater who were watching a movie, leaving at least 12 dead and 59 wounded. A witness said: "He was just literally shooting everyone, like hunting season." According to a CNN report on July 21, law enforcement documents showed that the weapons were purchased legally by Holmes at sporting goods stores in the Denver area over a six-month period before the shooting happened. According to a CNN report on July 23, in wake of the shooting rampage in Colorado, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said: "I don't think there's any other developed country in the world that has remotely the problem we have."

On December 14, 2012, 20-year-old Adam Lanza fatally shot 20 children and six adult staff members at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut. He committed suicide after that. But before he came to the school, he had shot and killed his mother. The incident was the second deadliest school shooting in the US history, after the 2007 Virginia Tech massacre which left 32 killed.

 

 

★  World Human Rights (USA, China, Africa, Euro, etc)

 organization / institution

   web-site

 

Transparency International 

 http://www.transparency.org 

 

Transparency International - Taiwan
ps: Now it changed its name
 from "Taiwan" to "Chinese Taipei"

new site : http://www.tict.org.tw/e_index.html
old site http://www.ti-taiwan.org/ch.files/index-1.htm 

 

Amnesty International

http://www.amnesty.org

 

Amnesty International - Taiwan

http://www.aitaiwan.org.tw

http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/taiwan

 

Freedom House

http://www.freedomhouse.org 

 

Reporters without Borders, Paris, France

http://www.rsf.org

 

Political and Economic Risk Consultancy Ltd. (PERC)

http://www.asiarisk.com

 

United Nations

http://www.un.org/en/rights/ 

 

US State government

 

http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/ 

 

 

ps:

★  Human rights in USA : http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/usa  , 
                                               http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=25595&Valider=OK
                                               http://www.transparency-usa.org/news/calendar.html
                                               美國<全球和平指數>排名連續五年(2007~2011)不佳甚至落後中國
                                               The United States ranks world no. 88 (score 2.058) in "2012 Global Peace Index"
                                                   (GPI) by UK's <Economist Intelligence Unit>,
                                                  
The US's Global Peace Index 2007~2016 : No.96, 100, 104, 85, 82, 88, 100, 101, 94, 103.
                                                  
For a sixth straight year, Western Europe remained the most peaceful overall
                                                                      region of the world.  China ranks No.89 in 2012.

                                                   No1- 10: 
Iceland, Denmark(2), NZ(2), canada, Japan, Austria(6), Ireland(6), Slovenia,
                                                                    Finland, Swiss

                                                  
The index ranks 158 nations using 23 indicators which gauge ongoing domestic
                                                             and international conflict, societal safety and security, and militarization.

                                         
    ◎ no. 19 (2011), No.17(2010) in "Democracy Index", by <Economist Intelligence Unit>, 英國UK.
                                        
    ◎ <Reporters sans Frontieres> (RSF, Reporters without Borders, 法國France):
                                                   "Freedom of press (information)" index 2011-2012
                                                     ―  USA ranked world no. 47, USA-extra-territorial ranked no.57, both are worse than
                                                    Asian countries Japan, Korea, Taiwan.
                                             
Freedom House 2012 (a Washington-based human rights organization, USA) ranked
                                                     USA's press status as world no. 22.
                                             
  Germany based Transparency International's 2012 Corruption Perceptions Index,
                                                     USA ranking No. 19, behind UK and Japan.

                                                     Denmark, Finland and New Zealand tied for first place out of 176 countries.
                                             
◎  Political and Economic Risk Consultancy Ltd. (PERC) : USA's 2012 corruption
                                                        index ranking (score 2.59) in Asia & Pacific is No. 4.
                                                        (
No.1 Singapore (0.67)、No. 2 Australia(1.28)、No. 3 Japan(1.90))
                                             
Amnesty International 2012 : Amnesty International criticised the United States for
                                          its use of lethal force, particularly for the “unlawful” killing of Osama bin Laden
                                          in a clandestine US commando raid in Pakistan last May.
                                         
美國去年闖入巴基斯坦狙殺「基地」前首腦賓拉登(Osama bin Laden),對這項行動
                                                    的法源「並未做出進一步說明, 狙殺賓拉登顯然於法無據。」批評是「非法」行動
                                                   
此外,該組織亦曾要求美方說明去年9月以無人機空襲葉門,導致恐怖嫌犯身亡之事
                                                    做出說明,也未獲回應,「這些殺戮顯然已構成法外處決」。(5/24/2012)


★ 
China's human rights :    http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/china ,
                                                 http://en.rsf.org/china.html     http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=25650&Valider=OK 
                                                 http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=70&release=773
                                                Freedom House 2013 (a Washington-based human rights organization, USA) rated
                                                      China's
 a “not free” press and to be home to “the world’s most sophisticated
                                                      censorship apparatus.”
中國的新聞自由以八十三分仍被列入不自由地區,在全球排名
                                                      是第一七九,在亞太為第三十七。報告指出,中國仍是全球輿論控制最成熟的地區之一
                                                     ,不過中國雖極力控制網路,但也受到博客與記者的反制。與二○一一年相比,迫害知名
                                                      記者與社群網站活躍人士的案例減少,但在去年十一月政權交接期間,有記者和網路用
                                                      戶受到審訊,懲處或監禁。西藏地區對外國記者的限制增加。

                                              
China ranks world no. 89 (score 2.061) in "2012 Global Peace Index" (GPI) by UK's
                                                      <Economist Intelligence Unit>,  Taiwan ranks No. 27 (score 1.602)
                                                       China's Global Peace Index 2008~2016 : No.60, 82, 83, 80, 80, 89, 101, 108, 124, 120

                                              
 Freedom House 2012 (a Washington-based human rights organization, USA) rated
                                                      China's press status as  "not free." ,
                                                         China ranked 187th in the global rankings and tied for 38th with Myanmar among 40
                                                         Asia-Pacific countries, ahead only of North Korea.
                                                         China's media environment remained one of the world's most restrictive in 2011.

                                            
  ◎ China's Democracy Index (EIU) of 2011 is world no. 141,  No. 136 in 2010, same as 2008.
                                               
China's latest "2009 Press Freedom Index" by <Reports without Borders> for press freedom ranks 168.
                                     
<Reporters sans Frontieres> (RSF, Reporters without Borders, France): "Freedom of press
                                                     (information)" index 2011-2012
                                                     ―  China ranked world no. 174.
   2013年中國排名第173.
                                               
Amnesty International 2012 : China employed the full weight of its security apparatus to suffocate
                                                     protest in the worst crackdown since 1989.
                                                      特別點名批判中國強力鎮壓維權人士,堪稱六四天安門血腥鎮壓以來最糟。
                                                ◎  Political and Economic Risk Consultancy Ltd. (PERC) : China's 2012 corruption
                                                        index ranking (score 7.00) in Asia & Pacific is No. 12.
                                                        (
No.1 Singapore (0.67)、No. 2 Australia(1.28)、No. 3 Japan(1.90))
                                               

 

   
   
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